冀教版七年级英语语法可数名词和不可数名词精讲精练

冀教版七年级英语语法可数名词和不可数名词精讲精练概念引入1可数名词是指能以数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或东西；因此它有复数形式,当它的复数形式在句子中作主语时，句子的谓语也应用复数形式不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算，不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西；它一般没有复数形式，只有单数形式它在句子中作主语时，句子的谓语也只用单数形式用法讲解2

一、名词的概念表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词

二、名词的分类名词分为普通名词和专有名词

（一）普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词可用作单数，也可用作复数；；；可数名词包括个体名词（表示一类人或物的个体，如girl deskdog；；；等）和集体名词（由若干个体组成的集合体，如window bookpen family；等）class people；；；不可数名词包括物质名词（表示无法分为个体的实物，如water papersilk；；等）和抽象名词（表示性质、行为、状态、感情或其它honey creammoney；；；；；；抽象概念，如work happinessmusic difficultybeauty youthpoverty等）；；

（二）专有名词表示个人、地方、机构、组织等，如Tom theGreat Wallthe；；；等Spring FestivalFrance ChinaChristmas

三、名词的数

（一）可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种规则变化

1.（）一般情况下，在词尾加例如1S；；；book—books hat—hats pencil—pencils girl—girls以清辅音结尾的名词后的的读音为/以浊辅音和元音结尾名词后的读音为S S/,S/Z/；；；在/等清辅音后一/在p//1//k//f/s/cups catsbooks photographs；；；；等浊辅音后一//b//d//g//v/z/cards bagsknives labslions以结尾的名词，变复数时，要在词尾加例如:2s,x,ch,sh-esbeach—beaches,brush—brushes,bus—buses,box—boxes,class—classes,glass—glasses,lunch-lunches⑶以“辅音字母结尾的名词，先变为再加例如+y”y i,-esbaby-babies city-cities,读音为family—families,country—countries,strawberry—strawberriesies[iz]；；；注意以“元音字母结尾的词，直接在词尾加例如+y”-s holidaysdays plays；；；ways donkeysboys toys以或结尾的名词，变复数时，先把或变为再加例如4-f-fe f fe v,-es wife—wives,leaf—leaves,half—halves,knife—knives,读音为thief-thieves shelf-shelvesves[vz]不规则变化

2.以结尾的名词，一般在词尾加例如1-s；；zoo—zoos radio—radios；photo—photos piano-pianos,kangaroo—kangaroos而有些在词尾加它们是“黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿”-es,；；；negro-negroes hero-heroes potato—potatoes tomato—tomatoes有些名词由单数变复数时，不是在词尾加或而是变换其中的字母例如2s es,；man—men；woman-women；policeman-policemen；；；；Englishman-Englishmen Frenchman—Frenchmen foot-feet tooth-teeth；；公牛还有一些名词的单数和复数形式child-children mouse-mice ox-oxen3相同例如:；；Chinese—Chinese Japanese—Japanese；（）复合名词:sheep—sheep deer—deer4

①前面的名词是或变复数时，构成复合名词的两个名词全都要变成man woman,复数形式例如；man teacher-men teacherswomandriver-women drivers

②如果是其他词，变复数时，只需把后面的名词变成复数形式例如；boy student-boy studentsappletree—apple trees

③与介词或副词一起构成的复合名词应在主体名词部分加例如-s；brother-in-law—brothers-in-lawpasser-by—passers-by0（）有些以或结尾的词直接加变成复数例如5ffesroof—roofs,chief—chiefs,gulf—gulfs（）某国人的复数6口诀中日不变英法变，其余加后面例如s；（中国人）一（日本人）一Chinese ChineseJapanese Japanese；（英国人）一（法国人）一Englishman EnglishmenFrenchman Frenchmen；（德国人）一（美国人）一German GermansAmerican Americans（）有些名词通常只用作复数例如7眼镜;衣服;glasses clothes货物；裤子goods trousers（）集体名词的数8；；

①有些集体名词通常只用作复数,如people cattlepolice

②有些名词既可用作单数又可用作复数，单数看作整体，复数看作集体的各个成员例如This familyis abig family.My familyare watchingTV.There are50students inthis class.The classare listeningto theirteacher.

（二）不可数名词一般没有复数形式，但是可以用一些量词来表示不可数名词的数量⑴表不定数量时，一般用（）等词修饰much,a1ittle,a lotof/lots of,some,any例如；；much moneya littlebread；a lotof icecream somejuice（）表确定数量时，一般用“数词+量词不可数名词变复数时可以把前面的2+of+量词变成复数例如；a bottleof milk；a glassof water；a canof beer；a pieceof paper；two bottlesof milk；two piecesof papertwoglasses ofwater注意我们也可用“数词+量词名词复数”这一结构表示可数名词的数量例如+of+；a boxof oranges；two bagsof booksaroom ofstudents

（三）有些词，单数形式和复数形式的词义不同，需特别注意例如沙一沙滩；sand sands鸡肉一小鸡；chicken achicken橘汁一橘子；orange anorange空间、余地一房间；room aroom（好处，益处）一（货物）；good goods（风俗）一（海关）；custom customs（精神）（情绪）；spirit—spirits（方式）一（礼貌）；manner manners（武装力量）；force—forces（通讯）一（通讯系统，通讯工具）；communication communications（布）一（衣服）;cloth clothes（内容）一（目录）；content contents（便利）一（便利设备）；convenience conveniences（人类）—（人文科学）;humanity humanities（需要）一（必需品）;necessity necessities（疼痛）一（辛劳）；pain pains（毁灭）一（废墟，遗迹）；ruin ruins（木材）一（树林）；wood woods（工作）一（工厂，著作）；work works（架子,神气）air—airs可数名词和不可数名词精讲练习

一、用所给名词的适当形式填空

1.How manysheepare thereon thehill

2.There issomefood in the basket.

3.The babyhas onlytwotooth now.

4.There isa lotofwater in the bottle.

5.There arefivepeople inhis family.

6.Lefs takephoto,OK

7.I havelots oftomatohere.

8.Theleaf on the treeturn yellow.

9.Thechild areplaying gamesontheplayground now.

10.Theirdictionary looknew.

1.11have threeforeign friends.They areAmerican.

12.They arewoman doctors.

13.Can yougive mesome bottlesoforange,please

14.There aremanyfox inthe picture.

15.I wouldlike someapplejuice.I amvery thirsty.

二、选择填空

1.The deerhas four.A.foot B.feet C.feets D.foots

2.Her twobrothers areboth.A.policeman B.policemansC.policemen D.policemens

3.There arefour andtwo inthe group.A.Japanese,GermenB.Japaneses,GermenC.Japanese,GermansD.Japaneses,Germans

4.Two willcome tothe village.A.woman-doctorsB.women doctorC.women doctorsD.womandoctors

5.Can yousee nineinthepictureA.sheep B.dog C.pig D.horse

6.The hastwo.A.boys,watchesB.boy,watchC.boy,watchesD.boys,watch

7.The boyoften brusheshis beforehe goesto bed.A.tooth B.toothsC.teeth D.teeths

8.The Japanesewill notleave Chinauntil shefinishes herstudy.A.woman B.womenC.man D.men

9.There arelots ofinthebasket onthe table.A.tomatos B.tomatoC.tomatoes D.tomatoss

10.The catcaught twolast night.A.mouses B.miceC.mouse D.mices【真题链接】

1.Yesterday Lucytold ussuch goodthat weare allamazed atit.A.news B.ideasC.suggestion D.answer

2.There arefifty inour school.They areall friendlyto us.A.woman teachersB.women teacherC.woman teacherD.women teachers一

3.After P.E.,I oftenfeel verythirsty.—Why notbuy someto drinkA.bread B.noodlesC.apple juiceD.teas

4.—When isDay—Its onJune1st,Dave.A.Child B.Children C.Childs D.Childrens

5.”Lily,lets makevegetable salad.How manydo weneed”“Oneis enough/1A.oranges B.potato C.tomatoes

6.Mum,ifs sohot.Could Ihave someA.hamburgers B.bread C.ice-cream。