还剩20页未读,继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
文本内容:
温馨提示此套题为Word版,请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴,调节合适的观看比例,答案解析附后关闭Word文档返回原板块模块二不可忽视的小词冠词、代词和介词第讲冠词、代词和介词(短语)3语法填空I.(.全国卷)L2020II Theplum treesare the first toflower evenas thesnow(融化).is melting(,全国卷)
2.2019H When we gota callsaying she was short-listed,wethought itwas ajoke.(新高考全国卷)
3.2020I Aswell aslooking atexhibits,visitors canplay・(模拟)()with computersimulations andimagine themselvesthev livingata differenttime inhistory orwalking througha rainforest.(,全国卷)
4.2018HI Whenthe gorillas and Ifrightened eachother,I was()just gladto findthem theyalive.(,全国卷
5.2020II JBambooplants areassociated withhealth,abundanceand ahappy home.(,全国卷)(谦卑)
6.2020HI Theartist wasfinally humbledby thegreatestartist onearth,Mother Nature.完成句子II.(,全国卷)
1.2020I ThenI putthe tomatoesand thebeaten eggsinto the平底锅)pant together.和与连用表示部分否定;以及表示全部否4all bothnot nonenot...any定XNot all the machinesof thecompany areimported.^Both of the substancesdo notdissolve inwater.X Noneof youhad thecourage to face thesituation.可指两者,也可指两者以上⑸eachXI believethat eachof uscan contributeto thefuture of the world.的用法比较
2.another,other,the other,others既可以单独使用,也可以用于单数名词前,泛指三者或三者以lanother上中的〃另外一个人或物〃还可以用于数词+复数名词〃中,表“another示再,又need anotherten minutesto finishmy homework.可用作形容词,意思为别的,其他的〃,泛指〃其他的人或物〃2other^They willthen havemore moneyto spendon otherthings.指两个人或物中的一个,不能用此时作代词⑶the otheranother,other使用^He hasone shouldera littlehigher thanthe other.后可接可数名词单数也可接复数名词,不接不可数名词4the other此时作为形容词otherXShe turnedover onher stomachon the other sideof thebed.XHe playedthe violin,and hestood outfrom allthe othermusicians.是的复数形式,泛指另外几个〃〃其他的〃不能⑸others otherothers作定语,表示复数意义,相当于复数名词〃;相当于other+the others复数名词〃,指剩下的全部“the other+^He demandsperfection inothers,but cannotsee faultsin himself.^The snowymain peaktowers abovealltheothers.小题快练•・单句语法填空I.
①I dappreciate it_if youcould letme knowin advancewhether ornot youwillcome.
②I mlooking for a friendof minemewho liveshere.3ln somecountries,people eatwith chopsticks,while inothers,knives andforks.©We havebeen preparingour fightersto adjustthemselvesto civil教师专用@Mary is always fullof ideas,but noneis usefulto mysociety.knowledge.
②I thinkyou mayfind thats anotherthingwe havein common.完成句子没有一个II.@He toldme allthe newsbut noneof itwas veryexciting.众所周矢口
②It isknown tous thatlife isnot asmooth journey,which isfullof upsand downs.So neverlose heart.©On theone handI admirehis(另一方面)gifts,but on theotherhand1distrust hisjudgment.(天又开始
②Whenwegot to the mountaintop,it startedsnowing again下雪了).
三、介词(短语)唐索介词的基本用法O复合结构
1.with/without介词名词/代词+形容词/副词/介词短语/动词不定式/分词with/without+(分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词)在句中表状态或说明背景情况,常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语^1will have to buya newone withmy glassesbroken.X Withsomething important to talkabout withyou,you muststay here.表示工具、手段、方式的介词
2.三词都可表示旅行的方式by,in,on⑴不涉及交通工具的名词时用名词前不加冠词如by,by sea,by等water,by land,by rail,by air⑵涉及交通工具的名词时用名词须用单数形式,前面不加冠词或任by,何修饰语如by bike,by taxi,by plane,by ship/boat,by train,by spaceship等⑶步行、骑马、骑骆驼均用如on onfoot,on horseback,on ahorse,on the等camel三词都可表示〃用〃,表示行为的工具、手段或方式
3.with,byjn用于有形的工具或身体某些器官之前,其后的名词多被冠词、物lwith主代词等修饰X Wedo notsee naturewith oureyes,but withour understandingsand ourhearts.等介词多用于无形的工具或方式手段之前2by,in,on,over,through如by hand,in ink,on the telephone,over theradio,through thetelescope等抽象名词的用法
4.of+抽象名词夫©»+抽象名词的形容词形式⑴of+great/much+抽象名词=抽象名词的形容词形式⑵of+no+not+X Basic research isof greatimportance in all scientificfields.=Basicresearchis veryimportant inall scientificfields.^AII ourpersuasion wasof nouse;she wouldnot come.=AII ourpersuasion wasnot useful;she wouldnot come.介词的固定搭配
5.but只得做某事;have nochoice butto do不得不做....;can,t helpbut do不得不只能做....;can tbut do只得做某事;can,t choose but do要不是but for^1have nochoice butto doas hetells me.X Itrained hard,so theycouldn tchoosebutstay at home.名词等与
6.key,approach,solution,answer,entrance,visit,attitude to构成固定搭配X We have avery communicativeapproach toteaching languages.X Wemust finda satisfactorysolution tothe problem.介词的用法
7.by地点名词表示方位,意为在……旁边〃lby+时间名词意为〃到……时已发生某事;最晚,不迟于……,2by+在……之前〃,此时谓语多用完成时名词可用来表示方法、方式、手段等3by+XI canfind twotables by the windowfor you.^Can youhave yourreport ready for thepress bynext weekusedto travelby aira greatdeal whenI was a boy.唐融介词的习惯搭配与形容词构成的搭配
1.lbe+ad/.+about忧虑be anxiousabout对好奇be curiousabout2be+ac,+at因生气擅长be angryat begood at力⑶be+Q+in专注于积极于be absorbedin be active in穿着忙于be dressedin beengaged in⑷be+M/.+for渴望因著名be eagerfor befamous for适合,胜任准备好…be fitfor bereadyfor5be+adj.+from缺席不同于be absentfrom bedifferent from6be+czc//.+to接近致力于be closeto bedevoted to等于be equalto对来说熟悉be familiarto⑺be+M/・+of意识至喜欢be awareof U....be fondof8be+adj.+with亡于be busywith1对熟悉be familiar with对有耐心be patientwith与名词构成的搭配
2.〃表示状态不知所措处于和平中at aloss atpeace在战争中在工作at warat work表示状态2“on+〃.”在展出着火on exhibition/show onfire出售,打折在途中on saleon theway〃表示方式⑶〃by+o偶然乘飞机by accidentby air/plane偶然故意by chanceby design.〃表示方式⑷in+a用现金付款在深度上in cashin depth详细地在高度上in detailin height〃表示特征(等于相应的形容词)⑸of+m有益处的有用的of benefitof use.”表示状态⑹“out of+r失去平衡上气不接下气out ofbalance outof breath〃表示方式⑺“with+c.高兴地困难地with delight/joy withdifficulty小题快练・・单句语法填空I.
①The Englishclass endedwithall singingan Englishsong.©Knowledge isa treasure,but practiceis thekey toit.
③It was a longjourney byship butwe reallyenjoyed it.@lt isof nouse totry to do itagain.
①A seriousstudy ofphysics isimpossible withoutsomeknowledge ofmathematics.
②If theletter youget fromme iswritten inblue ink,it istrue whatI said.完成句子II.、(不知所措)
②This cityappears similarto mine,but Im notfamiliarwithit熟悉)at all.学生用书P188语法填空I.Dogs werefirst raisedathomeat least150centuries ago.Since then,()the dog
1.be humansbest friend.Now,they have another job—to assist(诊断)doctors todiagnose cancer.After along-standing researchof smell,a Finnishprofessor hassaid that()certain
2.type ofcancer areable to be detectedby theirsmell,making it()possible totrain cancer-sniffing dogs
3.help diagnosethe disease.A professor,Jouko Vepsalainenfrom the University ofEastern Finlandin(氮化合物).Kuopio,has focused
4.nitrogen compoundsThe compounds()increase
5.great whencancer cellsgrow in an uncontrollableway,
6.()Karjalainenallow themtobedetected,the Finnishnewspaperreported.That swhere thedog,man sbest friend,may stepin withtheirkeen senseof smell.According tothe newsagency,researchers inFinland havetried totrain
7.dogs to do the job,but willtake adog months,even years,to tellthe
8.different betweensick andhealthy people.Anyone
9.knows howdifficultearly cancerdetection is
10.understand whatan opportunitythisis,”associate professorAnna Hielm-Bjorkman of theUniversityof Helsinkitoldthe Finnishmedia.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了某种癌症可以通过气味来检测,这使得训练嗅癌犬帮助诊断癌症成为可能【解析】考查时态根据时间状语可知,此句要
1.has beenSince theno用现在完成时,主语是单数,故填hasbeen【解析】考查名词根据后面谓语可知,主语要用复数形
2.types are式,故填types【解析】考查非谓语动词此处是考查非谓语动词作状语,训
3.to help练嗅癌犬是为了帮助医生诊断疾病,作目的状语要用不定式,故填tohelp0【解析】考查介词句意来自东芬兰大学的教授
4.on/upon Kuopioo一直致力于研究氮化合物是固定搭配,Jouko Vepsalainenfocus on/upon意思是“专注于,致力于〃,故填on/upon【解析】考查副词设空处所给提示词要修饰动词副
5.greatly increase,词用来修饰动词,因此要用的副词形式,故填great greatly【解析】考查非谓语动词分析句子结构可知,此处是作句
6.allowingo子的状语,所给提示词为动词,要用其非谓语形式,此处的逻辑主语为与之间是主动关系,用其现在分词形式,故填compounds,allow allowingo【解析】考查代词连接两个并列结构,根据上文可知,此处
7.ito but是指训练狗得需要几个月甚至几年,指代上文提到的事,下文再次出现要用代词指代,故填心【解析】()考查名词设空前有冠词冠词用来修饰
8.difference sthe,名词,所给提示词是形容词,要用其名词形式【解析】考查定语从句这是个定语从句,先行词是指
9.who Anyone,人,关系词在从句中作主语,故填who【解析】考查主谓一致本句句式较为复杂,设空处所
10.understandso给提示词是作主句的谓语,主句的主语是谓语要用第三人称单Anyone,数形式,故填understands语段填空
11.日(在早晨)It was7:15on themornin ofFebruary8,
2020.I waswalkingalong ParkRoad towardsthe eastwhen anold mancame outof the(这时一个老人从公园中走出来park)on theother sideofthestreet.Then血(右拐)I sawa yellowcar driveup MiltonStreet andturn htintoPark Road.The nextmoment,the carhit theman whilehewas(,全国卷)
2.2020HI Forexample,every morning,my dadhas to have a(碗鸡蛋汤)bowl ofegg soup——while Ihavetoeat anapple.
3.(2020,全国I卷)“Not thatway,z,my momtried tostop me(尽力阻止我)but failed.(,全国卷)(与你学习)
4.2020II Bestof luckwith vou/vour learningkungfu inChina.(,全国卷)
5.2020I Afterthat Ipoured oilinto apan andturned onthe(打开炉子).stove(•江苏高考)
6.2020Taking onthis challengewill bringyou incontact with(接触;有联系)someone whoshares yourinterests.(天津高考)
7.2020-For myfifth birthday,my motherbaked mea cake(呈的形状)in theshape ofa monkey.语法填空五谨记.根据泛指或特指选择冠词1如果空格后的名词或“形容词+名词〃前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词根据固定句式或固定搭配选择冠词
2.英语中有很多带有冠词的固定句式或短语,记住这些句式和短语也有利于解决此类问题.熟记常用的不定代词,如all,both,either,neither,each,many,30cmuch,little,few,other,another,something,nothing等人称、物主、反身代词〃成分〃是关键
4.(令我吃惊的是),crossing theroad.He fellwith acry.To mvsurprise the(全速前进).car didn t stopand droveoff atfull speedI noticedthe driver(戴着——副眼镜)wasayoung womanwearing apair ofHasses andthe(两分钟后),plate numberwas AC
864.Two minuteslater Istopped a(最近的医院).passing carand tookthe oldman tothe nearesthospital III.写作运用补全下面写作,注意本部分语法的使用Dear Eric,(最近一切可好?)
1.How iseverything goingKnowingyou areso fondof Chinesecalligraphy,I wouldlike tosend youabook aboutthis abstractand high-level form of artinanEnglish edition,
2.(这对你来说很容易理解它).which iseasy fornou tounderstand itAppreciationofChineseCalligraphy,The bookis entitled
3.(包括一系列引人入胜的including afascinating collectionof masterpieces杰作).It notonly presentsa varietyof calligraphystyles,but alsoprovidesbeautiful illustrations,expert analysesand usefulcomments,since oneshandwriting isoften viewedasareflection ofhis orher personality.I am(你将对这种艺sure
4.you willhave agood knowledgeof thisformofart术形式有彳艮好的了角星)after readingit andare morewilling togive itatry.Could youplease leaveme youraddress sothat Ican mailit toyou(我希望你会喜soon
5.1hope vouwill likethe bookand findit helpful欢这本书并觉得它有帮助).Looking forwardto yourreply.Yours,Li Hua关闭Word文档返回原板块如果句中缺少主语,则用人称代词的主格;⑵如果句中缺少宾语或表语,则用人称代词的宾格;⑶如果句中缺少定语,则用形容词性物主代词;⑷如果宾语或表语又反射到句子主语,则用反身代词.四种方法〃确定介词5⑶根据介词短语与谓语的逻辑关系;⑵根据语境含义结合介词用法;⑶根据特殊的结构关系,如接复合宾语就只能用with或without;⑷根据介词与动词、形容词、名词等的搭配
一、冠词唐京不定冠词用法英语中冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种,常放在名词的前面,用来限定名词的意义,起泛指或特指的作用主要有下面两种用法表示一个,意为指某人或某物,意为
1.one;a certain※八Mr Liuis waitingfor yououtside.※人teacher isa personwho teaches.^An applefalls downbecause ofgravity..代表一类人或物2【点津】⑴不定冠词与数词同源,是“一个〃的意思用于a anone a辅音音素前,则用于元音音素前注意此处不是指辅音字母和元音字母an⑵不定冠词的其他用法
①不定冠词可以用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前,使之具体化这样的物质名词有等;抽象名rain,snow,fog,wind,drink,coffee,beer,fire,paper词有:success,failure,surprise,pleasure,beauty,wonder,comfort,danger,等shock等名词后加..时,其前常用不
②knowledge,collection,understanding of.定冠词a/ano形容词〃表示很,非常在此不表示最高级含
③a most+〃,most义,相当于而多音节形容词〃为多音节形容词的最高级very,the+most+形式,表示最……〃XFor agreat manymen andwomen,romance canbeamost importantpartof marriage.※代is oneofthemost originalworks ofimagination in the language.唐能>定冠词用法表示特指的人或物,或者双方都知道的或心中都明白的人或物或者指
1.上文已经提到过的人或物^Yesterday Johns fatherbought hima newbike.The bikecost him200yuan.用于单数可数名词前,表示整个类属
2.XI thinkthetelephonewas inventedbeforeafter thecar.用于某些形容词、分词前表示一类人/物或用在姓氏复数前表示一家人
3.^The richwill beasked to contribute money;the strongtocontributelabour.XThe Greenssaid youwould travelwith them,didntthey用在被短语或从句修饰的名词前表示特指
4.XThis isthe boywhose motheris ourChinese teacher.表示世界上独一无二的事物,
5.the moon,the sun,the earth,the universe,等the world,the sky^The sunrises in the eastand setsin thewest.用在序数词、形容词/副词最高级以及形容词等前面
6.only,very,sameXI feltthe pressureof beingthe firstwoman in thejob.Could yougive mesome adviceonthebest wayto dothis【点津】当序数词不表示顺序而表示“又一,再一〃时,用不定冠词,如意为再一次;又一次“a secondtime用于表示方位、西洋乐器等的名词前,
7.i0in theeast,inthenorthwest,等play thepiano用于表示某世纪/年代/时期或朝代的名词前
8.XHe movedtothesouth inthe sixties.用在表示度量单位的名词前,如
9.bythe但是这hour/day/week/month/year/dozen/yard/ton/kilo,size/weight/time类名词跟连用时不加冠词by^1hired thecar bythehour.>与冠词有关的固定搭配M3含不定冠词的固定搭配
1.了角星have aknowledge/understanding of饱览匆忙地haveagood viewof ina hurry因此通常asaresult asa rule总体上事实上asawhole asa matterof fact含定冠词的固定搭配
2.充分利用最后make themost/best ofintheend顺便说一下在远处bytheway inthe distance挡道总的来说intheway onthe whole含零冠词的固定搭配
3.目前参力口at presenttake partin平静碰巧in peaceby chance/accident故意再三考虑on purposeon secondthoughts提前提前ahead oftime inadvance常用的固定词组辨析
4.小题快练•・QTheNewYorkTimesstarted a_new textmessaging servicethat deliversthelatestnews tomobile phones.
②The womanfrom Taiwanisafamous singer.She hasa lotof fans.®—Whynot openthe windowsto letcool airin—T drather youdidn,t.Theair inour townis terriblypolluted.
②We hadto spendthree morehours waitinginacafe atthe airportbecausethe flightwas delayed.
二、代词唐京人称代词、物主代词以及反身代词人称代词、物主代词和反身代词一览表⑴人称代词作主语用主格,作宾语、表语用宾格⑵两个以上的人称代词并列,其次序排列原则
①在并列主语中,〃总是放在最后,排列顺序为二三一人称宾格“1也一样me^You,he andI arein differentclasses.^Mr Wangasked LiMing andme tohelp him.
②第三人称,男女两性并用,男先女后^He andshe weresitting facetoface.⑶物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种名词性物主代词可作主语和宾语^She scannedthe listof namesto seeif herswas onit.^The authorcan reportother peoples resultswhich moreor lessagreewith hers.房融的用法it作人称代词的用法Lit可以指除人以外的一切事物或动物如lit^Wehave$
500.Will itbe enoughforadeposit⑵指人主要用于指性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份如^l wantthis babyvery much,because itcertainly willbe thelast.作非人称代词的用法
2.it⑴主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象如:※代s quitewarm atthe moment.⑵用于某些句型该做某事了It stime forsth.ltJ stime to do sth.到该做某事的时候了某人该做某事了It stime forsb.todosth.从句.某人该做某事了从句谓语用过去It sabout/hightime+that-式,有时也用动词原形should+从句.某人第几次做某事从句谓It sthefirstsecond...time+that-语用现在完成时时间段从句.自从有一段时间了It s++since-时间段从句.过多长时间才It s++before-用作形式主语或形式宾语
3.it⑴用作形式主语的重要句型某人做某事lt+be+ac//.for of sb.todosth.※比is necessaryfor ustohavesome exerciseevery day.^lt isveryconsiderate ofyou tosend mea birthdaycard.⑵用作形式宾语的重要句型+\t+adj./n.®±®+think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...()从句for/ofsb.todo/
②主语+think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep.・.()+it+important/necessary/natural/essential+that...should...【点津】某些及物动词或短语后不能直接跟从句此时须先用作形式it宾语,然后接从句,有此用法的动词(短语)有:like,dislike,hate appreciate,z等depend on,rely on,count on,see to^1believe itimportanttoseparate goodfailures frombad failures.XI wouldappreciate itif youcould helpme tosolve thetechnical problem.^1hate itwhen peopletell methat theyare unemployed.再露不定代词的用法比较
1.all,both,either,neither,any,each,none()(两者都),(两者中的任何一个),(两者都不)l botheither neither以上这些词使用范围为两者XAs faras Icould tell,neither ofus wasunder observation.()与复数名词连用,与单数名词连用2both eitherXBoth sidesare lookingfor waysto settletheir differences.^There aremany tallbuildings oneither sideofthestreet.()(所有的,全部的人或物),(任何一个),(都不)以3all anynone上词使用范围为三者或三者以上※人口the soldierswere praisedfor braveryin battle.。