还剩6页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
高中英语语法精讲连系动词分类及常考用词英语连系动词的分类1状态系动词只有be一词如She isalways likethat.她总是那样I amused togoing aboutalone.我习惯于独来独往These shoesare tootight forme.这双鞋我穿太小2持续系动词表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep,remain,stay,rest,lie,stand如oI hopeyou11keep fit.我希望你身体好He alwayskept silentat meeting.他开会时总保持沉默The doorremained closed.门仍然关着We canremain friends.我们可以继续做朋友Please stayseated.请继续坐着He stayedsingle.他仍然是单身3表像系动词表示“看起来好像”,主要有seem,appear,look等如lie lookstired,他看起来很累He seems to bequite happy.他好像很快活The doctorseemed verycapable.那医生似乎很能干He appearedquite well.他显得身体相当好He appearedtaken aback.他似乎很吃惊She appearedperplexed.她显得迷惑不解4感官系动词表示“……起来”,有feel摸起来,感觉,smell闻起来,sound听起来,taste尝起来,吃起来等如This kindof clothfeels verysoft.这种布摸起来很软He lookshonest,but actuallyhe sa rogue.他看起来很老实,实际他是一个坏蛋They alllook aliketo me.他们的模样我看起来都一样Everybody feelscontented.每个人都感到很满足Ice feelscold.冰感觉起来是凉的Silk feelssoft andsmooth.丝绸摸起来很柔软平滑It soundsa goodidea.这听起来是个好主意This foodtastes good.这菜好吃5变化系动词表示主语变成什么样,主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run如He becamemad afterthat.自那之后,他疯了She hadgrown thinnerand thinner.她越来越瘦了His coldwas growingworse.他的感冒越来越严重了She sgrowing fat.她正在发胖He sgrown usedto it.他对此已经习惯When shesaw this,she turnedred.她看到这,脸红了His hairturned greyin afew weeks.在几个星期中他头发就变灰白了The milkwill soonturn sour.牛奶很快就会变酸Several peoplefell ill,victims ofblood poisoning.几个人生病了,都是血中毒的受害者We getwiser aswe getold.随着年岁的增长,我们也变得聪明些了Your hairhas gonequite white!你的头发全白了!She wentpale atthe news.听到这消息,她脸色变得苍白When I mentioned itto himhe wentred.我对他提及此事时他脸红了He wentmad.他疯了The childrenmust notgo hungry.孩子们不能挨饿
(6)终止系动词主要有prove,turn out(结果是,证明是)等如His storyproved false.他讲的情况原来是假的His adviceproved sound.他的劝告证明是对的My intuitionturned outto becorrect.我的直觉证明是对的look,sound,smell,taste,feel的用法特点当这几个词用作连系动词的时候,它们的意思分别是“看起来”、“听起来”、“闻起来”、“尝起来”、“摸起来”,其用法特点如下特点一通常以被感觉的东西作主语,虽有被动词味,但不用被动语态如误The materialis feltnice.这料子摸起来不错(is felt应改为feels)误The soupis tasteddelicious.这汤味道不错(is tasted应改为tastes)特点二其后均可接介词like如This looks(tastes,smells,feels)like anorange.这东西看起来(吃起来,闻起来,摸起来)像桔子另外,taste和smell后还可接介词of,表示“有…的味道”It tastes[smells]of fish.这东西有鱼的味道特点三除look外均不用于进行时态(即使是look用于进行时态也不多见)如You look[are looking]tired thisevening,今晚你好像很累但是不说What yousays issounding reasonable.【注】feel表示“感觉”可用于进行时How areyou feelingnow你现在感觉如何?Imfeeling terrible.我感到难受极了另外,若以上动词用作实意动词,则可以用于进行时态He istasting thepudding.他在尝布丁特点四除look外,均不能接to be(即使是look后接to be也不多见)如She looks(to be)the bestperson forthis job.她似乎是做这项工作的最佳人选【注】feel有时可表示“使人感觉起来…”It feelscold inhere.这儿很冷appear,look,seem的用法特点
一、基本区别look指视觉印象,appear指外表给人的印象,这两者可能是真象也可能是假象,appear的不确定性更大一些,seem侧重指根据某种迹象作出的推断,也不一定是事实
二、后接不定式的问题三者均可后接不定式,但look之后一般只限于tobe(且较少见)He seems[appears,looks]to bevery tired.他好像很累ToHe seems[appears]to havetraveled alot.他似乎去过不少地方This seemsto be a happysolution.这似乎是一个理想的解决办法但是不说He looksto havetraveled alot.
三、后接like的问题look,seem之后可接介词like,但appear之后一般不能:He justlooks likehis brother.他的模样就像他的哥哥He seemslike afool.他看起来像个傻瓜
四、用于进行时态的问题appear和seem不用于进行时态,但look有时可这样用(尽管较少见)He looks[is looking]well.他看上去气色不错但是不说He isseeming[appearing]well.
五、用于it开头的句子三者均可用于it开头的句子,且三者之后均可接以as if或asthough引导的从句,另外appear和seem之后还可接that引导的从句It looks[seems,appears]as ifhe haslost interest in hisjob.看来他对自己的工作已失去了兴趣It seems[appears]that heis verytired.他似乎很累了为避免重复,appear和seem后接的that从句有时可用so,not代之“Is hereliable”“It seems[appears]so not.”他可靠吗?”“似乎是可靠的不可靠”英语连系动词用法要览
一、连系动词基本用法连系动词是表示不完全谓语关系的动词,它与其后的表语一起构成谓语常见的连系动词有be(是),become(成为),get(变成),remain(还是),seem(似乎是),look(看上去),feel(感觉)等连系动词后的表语通常是名词和形容词,有时也可以是代词、数词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动名词、从句等His Englishis excellent.他的英语很棒(跟形容词)He isa famouspoet.他是著名诗人(跟名词)Money isn,t everything.金钱不是一切(跟代词)She wasthe firstto arrive.她是第一个到达的人(跟数词)Who isupstairs谁在楼上?(跟副词)He iswith hisfriends.他和朋友在一起(跟介词短语)He seemsto beill.他似乎病了(跟不定式)Seeing isbelieving.眼见为实(跟动名词)This iswhat youneed.这就是你需要的(跟从句)
二、学习连系动词应注意的两点
1.关于连系动词后接副词作表语连系动词后通常可接形容词作表语,一般不接副词误His Englishis verywell.他的英语很好(应将well改为good)误Be carefully.小心点(应将carefully改为careful)误The souptastes nicely.这汤味道不错(应将nicely改为nice)但是,有时连系动词后也可接副词作表语,不过这主要限于in,on,off,out,away,behind,up,down,over,through,around,round,below,inside,outside等少数副词小品词以及here,there,upstairs,downstairs等少数表示地点或方位的副词:Mother wasnJtinlast night.母亲昨晚不在家The meetingwas overat five.会议五点结束Come along.The taxiis outside.来吧,出租车在外面Mother isdownstairs waitingfor you.母亲在楼下等你
2.关于连系动词后接不定式
(1)连系动词be后根据情况可自由地接不定式作表语My dreamis to beascientist.我的梦想是当一名科学家All Icould dowas towait.我只能等My planwas togo fromLondon toParis.我计划从伦敦去巴黎I wasto haveseen MrKay.我本要去见凯先生的
(2)seem,appear,prove,continue,turn out,get,grow,come等连系动词后也可接不定式(尤其是to be)作表语She alwaysseemsto be sad.她常常显得很忧伤My adviceproved to be wrong.我的意见证明是错的She appearsto havemany friends.他好像有很多朋友The weatherturned outto befine.天气结果很好Circumstances continueto befavorable.情况仍然是有利的He hasgrown tolike studyingEnglish.他渐渐喜欢学英语To【注】若所接不定式为to be,通常可以省略°不过,若其后接的是表语形容词,则to be通常不宜省略另外,连系动词look后能否接to be似乎尚有争论,不过,在现代英语中接to be的现象已较普遍
(3)sound,smell,feel,taste,become等连系动词后通常不能接不定式误These orangestaste tobe good.应去掉tobe误The rosessmell tobe nice.应去掉tobe4有的连系动词后接的从句可用不定式来改写It seemsthat shes right./She seemstoberight.她似乎是对的It appearsthat youhave madea mistake./You appearto havemadea mistake.似乎你弄错了。