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考试中心最新2套题考研英语模拟试题二Directions:Section IUse ofEnglishRead hefollowing text.Choose hebest wordsfor eachnumbered blankandmark A.B,C orDonANSWERSHEET
1.10pointsEgyptian winehas anextensive historywithin thehistory ofEgyptian civilization.Grapes werenot1tothelandscapeofEgypt,ratherthevinesthemselvesare2tohavebeenimportedfromthePhoenicians,3theactualoriginsremainin
4.Whatisknown,isthat5thethirdmillenniumBC,Egyptiankingsofthefirst6hadextensivewinecellars,andwinewas usedextensively in the templeceremonies.The main7of winein Egypt,took placebetween theking,nobles,andthepriestsintempleceremonies,andis8bynumerouspaintedreliefs,andother9evidence.Thevineyards ofancientEgypt,were quitedifferentfrom hemodemmethods ofwine makingtoday.10viticulture orwinemaking,ceased to11an exclusivelyceremonial purpose,the Egyptiansbegan toexperiment withsimplestructuresfor theirvinestotrain on,12foundawayto train theirvines sotheywereeasylow13bushes,andfoundwaysforthesoilto14moremoistureforthevines.Egyptianwinemaking experimentsincluded theuse ofdifferent winepresses,adding healto themust thegrape juicereadyfor fermentation15make thewine sweet,and differencesin vattypes andmaterials.The16finishedproduct ofwine,was pouredthrough acloth filter,and theninto earthenwarejars,17they wouldbe sealedwithnatural tarandleft to
18.TheEgyptianskeptaccuraterecordsoftheirvintages,and19oftheirwines,eachjarofwinewasclearly20with itsown vintage,and quality.
1.A.born B.nativeC.grown D.plantedA.proved B.believedC.hypothesizedD.established
2.A.though B.ifC.asD.whenA.disputeB.debate C.discussion D.argument
3.A.sinceB.after C.byD.toA.generation B.dynasty C.sovereignty D.empire
4.A.cost B.expenseC.exhaustionD.consumptionA.implied B.demonstrated C.evidenced D.aided
5.A.archeological B.architectural C.artisticD.anthropologicalA.AsB.For C.After D.Since
6.A.actB.serveC.work D.reach
38.Thcrealconflict behindFrenchresistancetoGoogleisactually theonebetween.A.theFrench lawand theAmerican lawB.the commercialvalue and thecultural valueC.thetraditionalviews andthemodern viewsD.thelawof marketand thelawofcommerce
39.The phrase“bogged down^last line,paragraph5is closestin meaningto.A.launchedB.preparedC.drawnD.stuck
40.TheauthorsattitudetowardstheFrencheffortsseemstobe.A.warmly supportiveB.extremely understandingC.alittlecritical D.highly rejectingPart BDirections:Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutthedevelopmentofmaritimelaws.ChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistA-Fforeachnumberedparagraph41Y
5.Thefirstandlastparagraphsofthetextare notnumbered.There isoneextraheadingwhich youdonotneed touse.10pointsFistconventionofComileMaritimeInternationalA.Theconventionhavingbeen revisedthreetimesWhyisunificationofmaritimelawnecessaryD.Theconvention withthemost signaturestates.E.IncompatibletimescaleF.The salvageconventionAccording toConstitution:The ComiteMaritime InternationalCMI is anon-governmental internationalorganization,theobjectofwhichistocontributebyallappropriatemeansandactivitiestotheunificationofmaritime lawin all itsaspects.To thisend itshall promotethe establishmentof nationalassociations ofmaritimelawandshallco-operate withotherinternational organizations.^TheCMI hasbeen doingjustthat since
1897.41InanaddresstotheUniversityofTurininI860,theJuristMancinisaid:Theseawithitswinds,itsstormsand itsdangersnever changesand thisdemands anecessary uniformityof juridicalregime.In otherwords,thoseinvolved inthe worldof maritimetrade need to knowthat whereverthey tradethe applicablelaw will,byandlarge,bethesame.Traditionally,uniformityisachievedbymeansofinternationalconventionsorotherforms of agreement negotiatedbetween governmentsand enforceddomestically bythose samegovernments.42It istempting tomeasure thesuccess ofa conventionon astrictly numericalbasis.If thatis thepropercriterion ofsuccess,one couldsay thatone of the mostsuccessful conventionsever producedwas thevery firstCM!convention-theCollisionConventionof
1910.ThetermsofthisconventionwereagreedonSeptember23,1910and theconventionentered intoforce lessthan threeyears later,onMarch1,
1913.43Almost assuccessful,in numericalterms,isaconvention ofsimilar vintage,namely the SalvageConventionof
1910.LessthanthreeyearselapsedbetweenagreementofthetextattheBrusselsDiplomaticConference andentry intoforce onMarch1,
1913.wc arc,quite properly,starting to see anumber ofdenunciationsof thisconvention,as countriesadopt the new salvageConvention of
1989.It isworthrecording that theSalvageConvention of1989,designed toreplace the1910Convention,did notenter intoforce until July1996,more thanseven yearsafter agreement.The latestinformation availableis thatfortyStates havenowratified oracceded tothe1989convention.44The textofhe firstLimitation Conveniionwas agreedat theBrussels DiplomaticConferenceinAugust1924,butdid notenter intoforceuntil1931-seven yearsafter thetext hadbeen agreed.This conveniionwas notwidelysupported,andeventuallyattractedonlyfifteenratificationsoraccessions.TheCMIhadasecondgoat limitationwith its1957Convention,thetextofwhichwasagreed inOctoberofthatyear.It enteredintoforceinMay1968and hasbeen ratifiedoracceded tobyfifty-one states,though ofcourseanumberhavesubsequentlydenouncedthisconventioninordertoembracethethirdCMILimitationConvention,thatof
1976.Athelatestcountthe76Convention hasbeenratifiedor accededto bythirty-seven states.The fourthinstrument onlimitation,namelythe1996Protocol,hasnotyetconicintoforce,despitethepassageofsixyearssinceheDiplomaticConference atwhich thetextof thewas agreed.45By almostany standardof measurement,themostsuccessful maritimelawconvention ofall lime:theCivilLiabilityConventionof
1969.The textofthat conventionto whichtheCM1contributed bothinbackgroundresearchanddraftingwasagreedataDiplomaticConferencein1969anditenteredintoforcesixyearslater,in June
1975.Theconvention has,at variousstages,been accededto orratified by103states withtwo additional“provisional”ratifications.IfweaddtothisthevariousstatesanddependenciesthatcomeinundertheUKumbrella,werealizethatweare lookingat ahugelysuccessful convention.Conventions andother unifyinginstruments arebom in adversity.An areaoflawmay comeunderreviewbecauseoneortwostates havebeenconfronted byamaritimelegalproblemthathasaffected themdirectly.Thosesponsoringstatesmaywellspendsometimereviewingtheproblemandproducingthefirstdraftofaninstrument.Eventually,his draftmayeoffered to theInternational MaritimeOrganisationsIMO LegalCommitteefbrinclusion initswork program.Over ensuingyears theLegalCommittee meetingevery sicmonthsorso,issues presentedbythedraft will bedebated,new issueswillberaised,and theinstrumentwillbeendlessly rc-draftcd.At somestage,theviewwill hetakenthattheinstrument issufficientlymature towarrantaDiplomaticConference atwhich thetextwillbefinalized.If theinstrumentisapprovedat theDiplomaticConference,itwillsitfortwelvemonthsawaitingsignatureand henbeopeno ratificationand accession.Theinstrument willcontain anentry intoforcerequirement,which willneed to besatisfied.Part CDirections:Read thefollowingtextcarefully andthen translatetheunderlined segmentsinto Chinese.Your translationshouldbewrittenneatly onANSWERSHEET
2.10pointsLanguages willcontinue todiverge.Even ifEnglish wereto becomethe universallanguage,it wouldstilltakemanydifferentforms.46IndeedthesamecouldhappentoEnglishashashappenedtoChinese:alanguage ofintellectualswhich doesntvary hugelyalongside alarge numberof variantsused bylocalpeoples.Wewillcontinuetoteach otherlanguagesin someform,and notjustforreasons ofpracticality.Learningalanguageisgoodfbryourmentalhealth;itforcesyoutounderstandanotherculturalandintellectualsystem.So Ihope Britisheducation willdevelop amore rationalapproach to the foreign languages availabletostudents inline with their politicalimportance.Because somany peoplebelieve itsno longerimportant toknowanother language,I fearthat timedevoted tolanguage teachingin schoolsmay wellcontinue todecline.47But you can arguethat learninganother languagewell ismoretaxingthan,say,learningtoplaychess well—it involvessensitivityto asetof complicatedrules,andalsoto context.Technology willcertainly makea differencetotheuse offoreignlanguages.48Computers may,forinstance,alleviate hedrudgery hat a vasttranslation represents.But noone whohas seena computertranslationwillthinkit cansubstitutefor liveknowledgeofthedifferent languages.Amachine willalwaysbebehind hetimes.49Still moreimportant isthe factthat nocomputer willever getattheassociationsbeyondthewordsassociationsthatmaynotbeexpressedbutwhichcarrymuchofthemeaning.InlanguageslikeArabichatcontextisveryimportant.Languagescomewithheavyculturalbaggagetoo—inFrenchorGerman ifyou missthe culturalreferences behinda wordyoure verylikely to be missinghe meaning.Itwill beveryhard toteach allthat toacomputer.50AllhepredictionsarehatEnglishwillbespokenbyadecliningproportionoftheworldspopulationin the21st century.I dontthink foreignlanguages willreally becomeless important,but theymight beperceivedtobe一and thatwould intheend beavery badthing.Part ADirections:Section IIIWritingYourfriendMikeisacollegestudent,andheiswonderingwhetherheshouldtakeapart-timejobinabigIT company.Writealetter tohimtooffer youropinionsand suggestionsontheissue.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonAnswersheet
2.Donotsignyournameatheendoftheletter.Use“Li Huainstead.You donotneedtowritetheaddress.Part BDirections:A.Title:RoleOf MassMediain ShapingOurViewTime Limit:40minutesB.Wordlimit:about200wordsYour compositionshouldbebased ontheOUTLINEbelow:a Therolemass mediayourexplanation cYouropinion参考答案本文大意:Section IUseofEnglish埃及的葡萄酒有悠久的历史，虽然葡萄不原产于埃及，但是考古学的证据发现，在分公元前三千年左右，值萄酒就用于祭祀仪式上，后来，由于酿酒不再服务于这一目的，古埃及人开始寻求新的方法种植葡萄树和新的酿酒方法每一罐酒的生产年份和质量，古埃及人都不都有精确的记载
1、B形容词辨析和搭配native与to构成固定搭配指“（动植物等）源于……的；原产于……”，又如Tobacco wasnativetoAmerica（烟草原产于美国）prove意为“证明；believe意为“相信，认为；establish意为“建立，成立，证明”
3、A语篇连贯
4、A名词辨析与搭配dispute意为“争论，争议”,与in搭配,如Thematterisindispute.（这个问题存在争议）debate意为辨论,可与under构成搭配，thequestion underdebate（争论的问题）；discussion意为“讨论”，也可与under搭配，Thequestionisunderdiscussion.（问题正在讨论中）；argument意为“意见不一致，争论，论据，His honestyis beyondargument.（他的诚实是不容置辨）根据第3题和上面分析，dispute为最佳选择
5、C代词辨析此处为一个主语从句，应由what引导
6、B名词辨析generation意为“代；dynasty意为朝代；sovereignly意为统治，王权”;empire意为“帝国”公元前三千年，占埃及的国王属于第一个朝代，dynasty符合题意
7、D名词辨析cost意为“花费，成本；expense意为“花费，费用；exhaustion意为“耗尽，筋疲力尽”；consumption意为“消费”本句意为葡萄酒主要是在庙宇进行的祭祀典礼上由王公贵族和神职人员来消费，D为最佳答案
8、C动词辨析和上下文重现imply意为“暗示，隐含“；demonstrate意为显示，说明；evidence意为“用证据证明；aid意为“帮助，辅助根据下文，大量的壁画为葡萄酒的消费情况提供了证据，evidenced符合题意此外，下文重现了名词性的evidence.
9、A形容词辨析古代的壁画是一种考古学的证据，archeological（考古学的）符合题意architectural意为“建筑的，建筑学的artistic意为“艺术的；anthropological意为“人类学的”
10、A语篇连贯根据语篇，该句前后为因果关系，意思是由于酿酒不再纯粹为祭祀仪式服务，古埃及人开始试验更简单的修剪葡萄的方法For不能用于句首，因此选择as.
11、B动词辨析和搭配purpose需与serve搭配，意为“报务于目的“，又如The bookservesthe academicpurpose.这本书服务于学术目的）
12、B连词辨析根据上下文，begantoexperiment与found away to是并列关系，as wellas符合题意as longas意为只要；as soonas意为“一就；so longas意为“只要
13、A名词辨析根据上文，古埃及人开始寻找新的方法修剪葡萄树，使它们变得低矮，容易维护，maintenance（维护，保养）符合题意又如maintenanceofacar（汽车维修）protection意为“保护；care意为“照料，照顾；atteniion意为“注意”
14、B动词辨析与搭配maintain意为保持，维护；retain意为“保持，留住”:contain意为“包含，含有”;attain意为“获得”根据原文，占埃及人寻找方法使土壤留住水份以供前萄树生长，retain符合题意，可与moisture（水份）构成搭配
15、D语篇连贯根据语篇，古埃及人给发酵前的葡萄汁加热，目的是让酒更甜，因此选in order to.
16、A形容词辨析四个选项都有“最后的，最终的”这个含义，但侧重点不一样final意为“最后的,最终的，如final product（成品）；end”终端，末端”，ftOthe endcarriage（最后一节车厢）；eventual意为“结果的，最终的，$11theeventual failure（以失败告终）;ultimate最后的,终极的”,theultimateaim（最高目标）此处指葡萄酒珠最终成品，应选final.
17、C定语从句关系词辨析此处是一个非限制定语从句，修饰earlhenwarejars,缺少地点关系副词，因此选where.
18、B动词动词辨析根据原文，将葡萄酒的成品置入罐内，用漆封上，开始发酵fcmicnt（发醉）符合题意
19、A名词辨析与上下文重现最后一句意为古代埃及人准确地记载葡萄酒生产的年份和质量，然后将其清晰地标在泗罐上vintage（葡萄酒生产的年份）和quality两词均重复出现
20、C动词辨析mark意为“标记”；write意为“书写”；label意为“贴标签于……”；record意为“记载，记录”根据上题分析,古埃及人将葡萄酒的生产年份和质量都用标签清晰地贴在罐上，label符合题意Part ASection II ReadingComprehensionText
121.解答推理题选Bo解题时应在文章中找到一些关键词进行分析后得出合理的结论在文章第一段中，drought（旱灾），famine（饥荒）和risk（危机）等等词暗示全球变暖对人们生活的影响是负面的，因此选项【c】及选项【d】中的oplimislic（乐观的）和satisfactory（令人满意的）所表达的意思显然和文章基调不符在仔细阅读后我们又发现第一段中的某些词，如could,possibly等词则暗示这种危险和灾难是潜在的而非当前的，这样有又可以排除选项[a]因此选项[b]opotentially disastrous（潜在的灾难）便是正确答案
22.解答态度题通过对题干部分的分析可将其中的关键词food,import等词将答案的范围限定在文章第六段第二句和第三句在第二句作者说“粮食供给可能会受到粮食产量下降的影响”，这里作者暗示全球变暖对人们生活的影响是巨大的作者在下一句中给出一个解决方法，即进口粮食但在此句后一部分中的关键语标词“but”和词组“keep inmind”则说明这种方法只是一个权宜之计四个选项中的两个关键词sufficient和efficient是一组拼写既相象意思又相近的两个词Sufficient的意思是“足够的，充分的，而efficient的意思是“有效的，能胜任的二根据对上述两句的分析可以得知作者认为进口粮食的做法是可行的但是远远不够的，因此可以排除efficient和inefficient两个词继而推论虽然作者认为此种方法可行，但是不够的和不充分的据此判断符合上述条件的只有选项【c】insufficienl（不充足的，不够的）
23.解答主旨题选A题目要求在分析文章第三段后找到其段落的大意文章第二段讲到“由于热带和亚热带北移，水分蒸发加大，庄稼种植困难而且生长季节也会发生变化，使得作物不能适应”，因此重点全都放在对作物的生长上，也就是“食物生产二因此只有A符合题意
24.解答态度题选B问题是问理曼博士对马来西亚的态度问题主要考查对文章细节中暗示观点态度的特殊词和特殊句型根据对文章结构的掌握可以首先判断理曼博士的观点主要出现在文章的第五段，通过对其中暗含观点的句子，如didnolbodewellforIheworldclimate.（对于全球的气候产生不良的影响），“Malaysia isnottaking（heproblemseriouslyyel…”（马来西亚并未重:视这个问题）分析了上述句子不难发现理曼博士对马来西亚的态度应是否定的，而非赞扬的这样，选项【b】中的critical（批评的，批判的）正确表达作者的观点，故选择
25.解答细节题选Bo问题是问标点符号在文章中的作用首先可以通过对英语标点符号知识的一般了解可以得知括号一般的作用是补充信息或附加说明继而分析Ithink thepoliticalandeconomic powers in Malaysiaaremuch greaterthan theenvironmental powers（我发觉马来西亚经济和政治的发展远远好于其对环境的重视），而后括号中的greenhousegasemissions首先不是原文中的部分，而是作者为了补全句子成分而自行加入的据此可以判断四个选项中只有[b]because,although（hey arenot partof theoriginal quote,the additionalinformation givenisnecessai-ytounderstand thestatement（尽管它并非是引用原文的一部分，但这一附加部分是理解这句话必不可少的关键词）是唯一正确的答案Text
226.解答事实细节题选Co在文章首句中作者先是介绍了众多跨国大公司的现状，而在之后的句子“Smallbusinesses,defined asthosewith fewerthan100workers-•,n中对美国的小型公司进行讨论句子中的“defined”一词暗示大公司与小公司的不同在于其雇佣工人人数上的不同，而不是选项【a】中所说的劳动力的比例，选项【b】所说的在媒体出镜率的多少，也不是选项【d】涉及的经营方式的不同，而是选项【c】所涉及的人数
27.解答推理题选C解题时应在理解文章大意的基础上对其中的特殊用词和句型首先排除选项［a］,因为其中的形容词“promising”和“encouraging”均表示乐观色彩，这与文章的基调不符选项文】AH thosewho leavestheir jobswillbea bossofasmall business（所有离职的人都会成为小公司的顾主）在文章中没有相关内容选项td］表述的内容与文章大体相符，但其中的solely一词过于绝对，因此是错误选项通过阅读文章第二段中间部分“According toSmall BusinessAdministrationdata,24of every100businesses startingout todayare likelyto havedisappeared intwoyears,and27more willhave shuttheir doorsfour yearsfrom now.By1995,more than60of（hose100start-upswillhavefolded.（根据小企业管理署的数据，今日开张的每100家企业中，有24家将会在两年内消失；另有27家将会在4年内关闭到1995年在开业的那100家企业中，60多家将要倒闭）其中的数据表明在激烈的竞争中小企业的生存状况并不乐观，这样可以推论出作者的写作目的是告诫人们在经营小公司是要谨慎小心
28.解答中实细节题选D首先排除选项【b】toinvestmuchmoremoneyinsmallbusiness（对小企业投入大量的资金）和选项【c】locut downiheworkers wages（削减工人的工资），其内容在文章中没有相关表述而选项【a】在文章中可以找到依据，但题干部分是说uthemostimportantthing,因此是错误答案通过文章第三段首句Thinking throughan enterprisebefore thelaunch isobviouslycritical.（人们开张前对企业进行周密的考虑显然是至关重要的）中的“critical”一词与“themost importantthing”构成语义重现,因此是正确答案
29.解答推理题选Co在文章第二段倒数第二句Threeyears after start-up,77percent ofthecompaniessurveyedwere still alive.（在调查的公司中77%在开张3年后仍然开着）作者点出了小企业优胜劣汰的比率，通过它可以推算正确答案是选项（cL
30.解答态度题选Do在文章第二段前一部分“Toomanyofthesepioneers,however,willblazeahead unprepared.Idealists willoverestimate theclamor for their products or fail to factor in（hecompetition.Nearly everyonewill underestimate,often fatally,the capitalthat successrequires.v（可是，这些开拓者中的很大一部分将是在无准备的情况下发奋前进的理想主义者往往过高地估计人们会喧嚷地争着买他们的产品，或者在竞争中经营失败几乎每个人都会低估成功所需要的资本，这往往是致命的），其中的“unprepared，fail,fatally”等词表现了文章的基调并非“unconcerned（漠不关心）和“optimistic”（乐观）但文章的基调也不是“worried”（忧心重重），从第三段首句中可以推断作者对小企业的发展只是持谨慎态度，因此选项【d】cautious表达正确Text
3.解答推理题选Co通过文章首段第一句中的“travelingfromtheirhomeinEnglandtoavillagein Pakistan*选项【a】whenNarinaleftPakistansheesc叩eddeath.（Narina在离开巴基斯坦之后她也逃脱了死亡）其次选项【b】thePakistaniauthoritiesdidnotmoveafingertohelptheAnwars.（巴基斯坦当局没有帮助安德沃一家）在文章中没有相关内容的表述，也可排除通过第二段最后一句But thephenomenon of thoseundcsircd unionsinevitably raisesquestions aboutthe rightsand responsibilitiesofminorities intheWest.（但是那些不完美的婚姻不可避免地引发了相关生活在西方少数民族的权利和责任）中可以推论出她们是从巴基斯坦到英国去结婚，而不是选项【d】theAnwargirlstraveled toPakistaninordertoget married.（她们为了结婚而去巴基斯坦）所表达的内容从此句还可以推论出像Anwar一样的人都是生活在西方的外国人，因此判断选项【c】是正确答案
31.解答推理题选Do选项［a］governmentsdonotdarefaceuptoapracticesonegativeasforcedmaniage.（政府不敢面对像由包办婚姻所带来的负面影响）可以通过文章第二段首句“Il oughtnot tobecontroversialforgovernmentstoconfrontapracticesoegregiousasforcedmarriage.M中的“confront”（正视）一词判断政府对这一事件的处理是果断坚定的通过此句还可以排除选项［b］o根据文章倒数第二段第二句uThe governmentsometimes hastoadjudicate betweenindividual rightson theonehand,andculturaltraditionsontheother.中的uadjudicaten一词与选项［c］中的一词actagainst表达矛盾
32.解答事实细节题选Do选项【a】是说警方与这些急需救助团体之间亳无关系，根据文章第三段第三句中的“are liasingwilh”（与某人联系或沟通）和“have contacts（有线人）可以排除其选项选项［b］thatForeignOfficeisreluctanttocooperateforfearofretaliationfromabandonedhusbands中的“reluctant”（犹豫）一词与文章第三段首句helped50-oddactualorpotentialvictims*,«v表达矛盾，也可排除最后可以通过文章第三段末句中的冒号部分“itwillbeeasierforthemtogetaccommodation,and tostay inthe countryeven ifthey deserttheir husbands.（这可以使她们轻易地找到安身的地方，在离开她们的丈夫后也能够留在这个国家）判断选项【d】正确
33.解答推理题选Do作者在第四段首句便说“,•,Britishpohticianshaveexercisedloomuch,ratherthantoolittle,sensitivitywhenaddressingtraditions”（英国的政客在涉及传统问题时过于明感），而在之后的例子中有对代表人权的“forced marriages”和代表传统的“arranged marriages来进行比对，这也说明其谨小细微的态度通过对四个选项的分析后可以得出结论，选项【d】是正确选项
34.解答判断题选C通过文章倒数第二段的前一部分可以推断选项【a】的观点并非是作者的，而是The BritishHome Secretary”（英国国务大臣）提出的选项【b】和选项【d】的观点文章并未涉及，也可排除在文章倒数第二段首句“But no【all diversityis gooddiversity.（但是不是所有的分歧都是一成不变的）作者提出了观点而在文章最后一段首句作者继而提出代表传统的“arranged marriage”也是英国社会面临的问题，因此可以推断作者对传统和人权的态度是谨慎的，并且认为两者之间的优劣很难判断，但在不同的社会中必须断定孰好孰坏，因此选项【c】是作者真正的观点
12.A.as longasB.as wellas C.as soonasD.so longasA.maintenance B.protection C.careD.attention
13.A.maintain B.retain C.containD.attainA.rather thanB.but C.andD.in orderto
14.A.final B.end C.eventualD.ultimateA.which B.when C.where D.and
15.A.protection B.ferment C.tasteD.drinkA.qualityB.quantitynatureC.auraA.markedB.writtenlabeledC.recordedPart ADirections:SectionIIReading ComprehensionReadthefollowingfour texts.Answer thequestionsbeloweach textbychoosing A,B,C orD.Mark youranswers onANSWERSHEET
1.40pointsText1Global warmingcould causedrought andpossibly faminein Malaysia,the sourceof muchof Singaporesfood,by,a newreport predicts.Singapore couldalso beat riskfrom floodingas sealevels rose.The reportrecommendsbuilding sea-walls aroundlow-lying areassuch asthenewport andairport reclamations.PublishedbytheWorld WideFundforNature,thereport,which includeswork bymembersofthe MalaysiaAcademy ofMeteorologicalSciences,usesthemost recentprojections onclimatechange topointto agloomyoutlookfor Malaysia.Byabout30to40percentofthecountrywillexperiencechangesinthetypeofvegetationitsupports,with tropicaland sub-tropical forestconditions shiftingnorthward andhot desertconditions risingin thewestwhere currentlyText
436.解答目的细节题选Co文章第一段第三句说“现在法国总理希拉克希望通过建立一个类似的法语搜索引擎来停止美国的文化入侵”，那么也就是为了“保护法国文化的完整性”
37.解答原因细节题选A文章第二段倒数第二句说“答案就是Google用来排列搜索结果的粗俗标准”，也就是“Google列举结果的方式”
38.解答事实细节题选B文章第四段末尾强调“对武力和消费者需求的宣扬不应该超越高尚的品味和文化底蕴”证明美国的Google代表了“经济价值”，而法国人则崇尚“品味和文化”，因此就是“文化价值工
39.解答含义题选D文章第五段最后一句说“这一计划由于内斗而被，该词组中有“down”即“下来”这个含义，那么肯定和不成功有关，四个选项只有Dstuck表示“困住，卡住”,因此入选
40.解答态度题选C文章最后一段倒数最后两句说“把英语的入侵看成一个国家必须纠正的市场方面的错误可能看起来有些愚蓝，可是在法国却是家常便饭”由“clumsy”这个贬义词的使用可以证明作者对法国的做法持批判态度PartB参考答案41C42A43F44B45D解析41）段的第一句中就提到“demands anecessaryuniformity与C选项“why isuniformity necessary构成关键词重现关联42）段破折号前面提到“Ihe veryfirst CMIconvention”与A选项构成关键词重现关联43）段中两次提到“theSalvage Convention”与F选项构成关键词重现关联44）段中提到了一个公约的不同版本，最新的是第四版，也就是说修改了三次45）段出现关键词“themost successful”和“accededtoorratified by103states”也就证明这个公约是签署国家最多的一个公约Part C
（46）说真的，英语可能会出现类似汉语的情况知识界使用的语言没发生太大的变化，许多方言与之并存
（47）但是你可以认为，学好外语譬如比学好象棋更费力，因为学语言不仅要对一套复杂的规则而且要对语境非常敏感
（48）例如，计算机可以减轻大量翻译的劳苦
（49）更重要的事实是，计算机永远也不可能掌握语词联系之外的联想意义，这种联想意义虽然没有被表达出来，但却具有很深的意义
（50）预测一致认为，在21世纪，世界人口中讲英语的人的比例会越来越小Part A参考范文Dear Mike,Section HIWritingIls greattolearnthatyouvegota goodopportunityto workinabigIT company.Ithinkyoushould taketheopportunity.Firstofall,totakeaparttimejobcanlessenthefinancialburdenofyourfamily.Tuitionisontherise,anditisnowbeyondthemeansofyourfamilywhoisintheremotecountryside.Besides,toholdpart-timeworkis toprepare themfor yourfuture career.Through work,youcanput whatyou havelearned inschool intopracticeanddevelopyoursocialskills,which cangreatlyenlargeyourscopeofknowledge.In addition,thejob canhelp shapeyour independence.On thejob.you haveto handlewith varietiesof problemsbyyourself.However,youcannotworkatthecostofyourschoolstudies.Goodbalanceshouldbekeptbetweenworkand study.Best regardsSincerely yours,Li HuaPartB参考范文:RoleOfMass MediainShapingOur ViewMassmedia havebecome animportant partof ourlife.They offerus not only varietiesofentertainmentbutalsoallkindsofinformation.Mostimportantofall,theycanhelpshapeourviewtowardssociety andlife.Asweknow,itisthroughmassmediathatwegettoknowwhatisgoingoninsideinourcountryandinthe world.No doubt,wc willallow themto mouldour notionsand opinionsof currentevents,differentnations andpeople.For example,most ofusnevermeet primeministersorpresidents,but wecanform ouropinionofthemthroughmassmedia.Whenittimeforustocastourvotes,wewillmakeourdecisionbasedon howthemass mediapicturethem.Therefore,mass media,to somedegree,can makea bigdifferencetothe resultsof theelection.In addition,through theirprograms andarticles,mass mediaare alsospreadingculture andlifestyle.Many peoplefollow thetaste andfashion ofthe massmedia informing theirattitudetowards music,filmsand clothesstyles.However,we mustbecritical abouttheroleof massmediain shapingourview.It isafact hatsomemassmediacanbemisleadingsothatwecannothaveatruepictureofwhatisgoingon.Whalsmore,massmediacan haveabad effectontheyounggeneration becausesomeoftheprograms orarticlesare filledwith violence,sex andbiasagainst acertain groupofpeople.thedesert istemperate.Crop-growing areaswillexpand butany benefit is expectedto benegatedbyincreased evaporationofmoisture,making ittoodrytogrowcrops suchasrice.Thegrowingseason alsoisexpectedto alter,becoming shorterin southernand centralMalaysia,themainlands breadbasket.The rapidchangesmake itunlikelythat plantscould adapt.Malaysiawill producesmallercrops.In thecentraland northernareas,andthesouthern part,therewillbedecreased productionbecauseofwater limitations,Dr.RikLeemans,one oftheauthorsof thereport,saidduringabriefvisittotheterritoryyesterday.Faminecouldresultbecauseofthedemandsoffeedingthepopulation-particularly ifitgrows-andhediminishedproductivityoftheland.Itlooksverydifficultfbrtheworldasawholehesaid.Globalwarmingiscausedbytheburningoflargeamountsoffossilfuels,suchascoalandoil.whichreleasegasesthat trapheat intheatmosphere.World temperaturesalready haveincreasedthiscentury byabout
0.6degrees Celsiusandare projectedtorisebybetween
1.6degrees and
3.8degrees by
2100.Dr.LeemanssaidMalaysiasrelianceoncoal-firedpowerfbritsindustrialgrowthdidnotbodewellforthe worldclimate.I thinkthe politicaland economicpowersinMalaysia aremuch greaterthan theenvironmentalpowers,andgreenhouse gasemissions couldaccelerate,Dr.Leemans said.Malaysia isnottaking theproblem seriouslyyet,although it is tryingto incorporatethis kindof researchtoseewhat isgoingto happen.The climatechangereport,which willbereleased tomorrow,focuses onMalaysiabutMr.David MelvilleofWWF-Singaporesaid someofthedepressingscenarios couldapply totheterritory.Foodsupplies,fbrinstance,could beaffectedbylowercrop yields.Maybewecouldafford toimportfoodfromelsewherebutyou havetokeepinmindthatthetypeofchangesexperiencedinsouthernMalaysiawilltakeplaceelsewhereaswell,hesaid.Sea levelscould riseas glaciersmelted andthe highertemperatures expandedthe sizeoftheoceans,threatening muchofdeveloped Singaporewhichis builtonreclaimedland.Current projectionsare thatsealevels worldwidewillrise by15to90centimetres by
2100.depending onwhetheraction istaken toreducegreenhousegas emissions.Singaporehassubstantialareasbuiltonreclaimedlandandsealevel risescouldimpactonthatthewholelot,Mr.Melville said,adding thatsca-walis wouldbe needed.Depleted freshwater supplieswouldbe anotherproblem becauseincreased evaporationwould reducelevels.Mr.Melville saidthe generaloutlookcouldbehelpedifSingaporeusedwaterlesswastefullyandencouragedenergyefficiencycoreducefuel-burning.Healso calledonhe WesttohelpMalaysia improveitsefficiency.
21.Overall,whatsortofpictureispaintedofthefutureeffectsofglobalwarmingA.disastrouspotentiallydisastrousB.relatively optimisticonbalance thingsare goingtobesatisfactory
22.Mr.DavidMelvillesuggeststhatinfuturemorefoodcouldbeimportedintoSingapore.Hethinksthesemeasures couldbe:A.efficientsuificientB.insufficientinefficient
23.Themain pointofparagraph2is todescribe:A.effects ofchangesintheclimateofMalaysia onfoodproductionfuture changesin theclimateoftheMainlandB.effectsofchangesintheclimateofChinaonhegrowingseasonprojectedfuturechangesintheclimateofChina
24.Howwould youdescribe Dr.Leemans attitudetowardsMalaysia:A.mainlyfavorablecriticalB.supportivein theoryadmiring
25.Why doesthewriter addthe informationin bracketsinparagraph5A.Because thequoteisfrom asecondlanguage userwhosecommand ofEnglish isnot perfectBecause,although theyarenot partof theoriginalquote,theadditional informationgivenis necessaryto understandthestatementB.BecauseIhewriterisquotingfromanothersourceBecausethewriterwantstoemphasizethemeaningofthese wordsText2Large,multinationalcorporationsmaybethecompanieswhoseupsanddownsseizeheadlines.ButtoafargreaterextentthanmostAmericansrealize,theeconomysvitalitydependsonthefortunesoftinyshopsandrestaurants,neighborhoodservicesandfactories.Smallbusinesses,definedasthosewithfewerthan100workers,now employnearly60percent ofthe workforce andare expectedto generatehalf ofall newjobsbetween nowandtheyear.SomeI.2millionsmallfirmshaveopenedtheirdoorsoverthepastsixyearsofeconomicgrowth,and1989willseeanadditional200,000entrepreneurs strikingoffontheirown.Too manyof thesepioneers,however,will blazeahead unprepared.Idealists willoverestimate theclamorfor theirproductsorfailtofactorinthe competition.Nearly everyonewill underestimate,oftenfatally,thecapitalthatsuccessrequires.Midcareerexecutives,forcedbyatakeoverorarestructuringtoquitthecoiporation andfindanother waytosupportthemselves,maysavortheideaofbeing theirownbossbutmayforgetthatentrepreneursmustalso,alleastforawhile,bebookkeeperandreceptionist,too.Accordingto SmallBusiness Administrationdata,24of every100businesses startingout todayarc likelyto havedisappearedintwo years,and27morewill haveshuttheir doorsfouryears fromnow.By1995,more than60of those100start-ups willhave folded.A newstudy of3,000small businesses,sponsored byAmerican ExpressandtheNational Federationof IndependentBusiness,suggests slightlybetterodds:Three yearsafterstart-up,77percent ofthe companiessuneyed werestillalive.Most creditedtheirsuccessinlarge parttohaving pickedabusinessthey alreadywere comfortablein.Eighty percenthadworked withthesameproduct orservicein theirlast jobs.Thinkingthroughanenterprisebeforethelaunchisobviouslycritical.Butmanyentrepreneursforgetthatafirms healthinitsinfancymaybelittleindicationofhowwellitwillage.Youmusttenderly monitoritspulse.In theirzeal toexpand,small-business ownersoften ignoreearly warningsigns ofa stagnantmarketor ofdecaying profitability.They hopefullypour moreand more money intothe enterprise,preferring not to acknowledgeeroding profitmargins thatmeanthe marketfortheiringenious serviceorproduct hasevaporated,or that they mustcut thepayroll orvacate theirlavish offices.Only whenthefinancial wellruns drydo heysee theseriousness ofthe illness,and bythen thepatient isusually toofargone tosave.Frequent checksof yourfirms vitalsigns willalso guideyou toa sensiblerate ofgrowth.To snatchopportunity,you mustspot thesignals thatitistime oconquer newmarkets,add productsor perhapsfranchiseyourhot idea.
26.According totheText,the maindifference betweenamultinational corporationandasmall businessliesintheproportion ofworkforceA.thefrequency appearedontheheadlinesthe numberoftheworkersB.theway ofopeninga businessWemay concludefromtheTexthatA.thefuture ofthesmallbusinesses ispromising andundoubtedly encouraging.B.all thosewholeavestheirjobs willbeaboss ofasmallbusinesseveryone shouldlookbefore theyleap whenthey decidemanagingsmall businessC.thesuccess ofsmallbusiness solelydepends onthebosses whoperformtheirlastjobs.
27.Whenopeningsmallbusinesses,themostimportantthingforsmall-businessownerstodoisA.tomakeathorough analysisonthemarket B.toinvest muchmoremoneyin smallbusinessC.to cutdown theworkersJwagesD.to thinkcarefully abouttheinternal specificconditionsin thesmallenterprisesIn arecent research,afterthree years.smallenterprises willbealiveamong3,000small businesses.A.morethan60B.more than51C.morethan2310D.morethan
240030.heauthor,sattitudetowardsthedevelopmentofsmallbusinessesisA.worried B.unconcerned C.optimisticD.cautiousText3July.Narina Anwarand hertwo siblingswere trickedinto travellingfrom theirhome inEngland toavillage inPakistan-where,ittranspired,Miss Anwarwas supposedtowed anilliterate cousin.Fortunatelyhe sistermanaged tomake offin disguise,incurring deaththreats,totheBritish HighCommission inLahore,which protectedand repatriatedthem.Itoughtnottobecontroversialforgovernmentstoconfrontapracticesoegregiousasforcedmarriage.Yet theseare sensitivetimes.American andBritish politicianstrod delicatelywhen outliningtheir strategytocombat itlast week-insisting,thattheyhad noquarrel withIslam.But thephenomenonofhoseundesired unionsinevitablyraises questionsabout therightsandresponsibilities ofminoritiesintheWest.In heyear,the ForeignOffice helped50-odd actualor potentialvictims ofsuchunwanted marriagestotravel home,mainly fromthe Indiansubcontinent,and assistedmore than200such peoplein all.Voluntary groupssay theproblem ismuch bigger.More youngwomen areresisting coercion,because theeducationthatenhancestheirmarriageabilityalsomakesthemlessdocile.Inresponse,Britishpoliceforcesare liasingwiththeircounterparts inhe regionstheir localpopulations comefrom:West YorkshirePolicehave friendsin Mirpur,Pakistan,while GreaterManchester Policehavecontacts inSylhet,in Bangladesh.Consular andimmigration officialshave beengiven specialtraining inordertoproperly dealwith thesituation.Furthermore,foreign bridesundergoing conjugalmisery inBritainwill alsogethelp:itwill beeasierfor themtoget accommodation,and tostayin thecountryeven iftheydesert theirhusbands.Communityleaderscondemnforcedmarriages.Nevertheless,manyworrythattheissuehasbeenusedto stigmatiseMuslims.Habib Rahman,oftheJoint CouncilfortheWelfare ofImmigrants,detects anundertoneofcultural supremacism,which,hesays,has becomemorepronounced sinceTheWorldTradeCentrein NewYork wasattacked.Arguably,though,British politicians have exercisedtoo much,rather thantoo little,sensitivity whenaddressingtraditions.This week,for instance,minister meticulouslydistinguished forcedmarriages fromarrangedones,towhichmanyyoungAsiansconsent.Inreality,thedistinctionisasfragileastheconceptsofduress andconsent areslippery-though tosay sowould haveseemed incompatiblewith respectingculturaldiversity.Bu notall diversityisgood diversity.The governmentsometimes hastoadjudicate betweenindividualrightsontheonehand,andculturaltraditionsontheother.TheBritishHomeSecretaryrecognisedthiswhenherecently wrotethat practicesviolating personalautonomy shouldbechallenged,even ifthat involvedquestioningdeeply heldbeliefs andprejudices”.Othercountries havebeen moreassiduous indoingso:France forbadeschoolgirls owear headscarves.Arranged marriageis alsoacause ofthebiggestproblem withthewayBritain hasmanaged diversity.Mose immigrantgroups becomeless insularover time,as theirchildren setup stablerelationships withlocals.That hasnot happenedwith Pakistanisand Bangladeshis,partly becausewives arcoften imported.An obviousdrawback-among othersis thatchildren whosemothers speaklittle orno Englishstart theireducationatadisadvantage.They often,therefore,do badlyat school,and consequentlysuffer higherratesofunemployment.Thesetwofactors-segregationandunemployment-helped toproduceuglyraceriotsinseveralnorthern citiesonly toorecently.
31.Wecan learnfrom thetextthat,when Narinaleft Pakistanshe escapeddeath.A.thePakistani authoritiesdidnot moveafinger tohelptheAnwars.B.itwasbecausetheywereholdersofBritishpassportshatheAnwarscouldescape.D.theAnwargirlstraveled toPakistan inorderto getmarried.
32.Thearticle indicatesthatgovernments donotdareface uptoapractice sonegativeas forcedmarriage.A.apracticeso unpopularas enforcedmarriage shouldnotposecontroversy forany government.B.every governmentshould beconstrainedtoact againstpersonal rights.C.i doesnot seemplausible thatany governmentshould prefernototake actionintheissue offorcedmarriage.
33.Thewriterstates thatthereisnorelationbetweentheneeds ofvoluntarygroups andthoseofthepoliceforce.A.theForeign Officeisreluctant tocooperateforfear ofretaliationfrom abandonedhusbands.B.ConsularOfficials havetheresponsibility ofhelpingimmigration forcestokeep awayforeign brides.C.foreign brideswillhave accesstothehelp ofspecially trainedpersonnel shouldthenecessity arise.
34.Thetextsuggests thatanoverwhelming majorityofyoung Asianswillingly goforarranged marriages.A.the distinctionbetween“fbreed and“arranged“is soslippery thatmany younggirls arctricked intoacceptingthedeal.B.politicianshaverecently agreedtoprosecute anyonebreaking marriagearrangemets.C.acertain amountofsensitivityshould beexercisedwhen addressingtraditions.
35.TheauthormightmostprobablyagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatementA.allpracticesviolatingpersonalautonomyshouldbechallengedwheneverbeliefsandprejudicesareatstakethegovernmentshouldtakesteps toeradicate superstitions.B.whenindividualrights andculturaltraditionstakedifferent wayssocieties havetodecidewhatisbest.C.wheneverbeliefsandprejudicesareinjeopardythegovernmentshouldbegrantedthemeanstodefendtradition.Text4Inthedimlylitcyber-caf6atSciences-Po,hot-houseoftheFrenchelite,noGauloisesmokefillstheair,no dog-eared copiesof Sartrelie onthe tables.French studentsare doingwhat allstudents do:surfing thewebviaGoogle.NowPresidentJacquesChiracwantstostopthisAmericanculturalinvasionbysettinguparival Frenchsearch-engine.The ideawas promptedby Googlesplan toput onlinemillions oftexts fromAmericanandBritishuniversitylibraries.IfEnglishbooksarethreateningtoswampcyberspace,MrChiracwill notstandidly by.He askedhis cultureminister,Renaud Donncdicude Vabrcs,and Jcan-Nol Jcanncncy,head ofFrancesBibliothequeNationale,todothesame forFrenchtexts一and createahome-grown search-engineto browsethem.WhynotletGoogledothejobItsFrenchversionisusedfor74%ofinternetsearchesinFiance.Theansweristhevulgarcriteriaitusestorankresults.donotbelieve，wroteMrDonnedieudeVabresinLeMonde,“thattheonly keytoaccessourcultureshouldbeheautomaticrankingbypopularity,whichhasbeenbehindGooglessuccess.”Thisisnot thefirst timeGoogle hasmet Frenchresistance.A courthas uphelda rulingagainst it,inalawsuitbroughtbytwofirmsthatclaimeditsdisplayofrivalsponsoredlinksGoogleschiefsourceofrevenuesconstitutedtrademark counterfeiting.The Frenchstate newsagency,Agence France-Presse,has alsofiled suitagainstGooglefor copyrightinfringement.Googlcphobiais spreading.MrJcanncncy hastalked ofthe“risk ofcrushingdomination byAmericaindefiningtheviewthatfuturegenerationshaveoftheworld.vIhavenothinginparticularagainstGoogle,“hetoldLExpress,amagazine.simplynotethatthiscommercialcompanyistheexpressionoftheAmericansystem,in whichthe lawofthemarket isking.Advertising muscleand consumerdemand shouldnottriumphover goodtaste andculturalsophistication.The flawsintheFrench planare obvious.If popularitycannot arbitrate,what willMr Jeanneneywants aucommitteeofexperts^^.Heappears tobeserious,though thesupplyofFrench-speakingexperts,orexpertsspeaking anylanguage forhat matter,would seemtobeinsufficient.And ifadvertising isnottopay,willthetaxpayer Theplanmirrorsanother ofMr Chiracspet projects:a CNNA lafranaise.Over ayear ago,stung bythe powerofEnglish-speakingtelevisionnewschannelsintheIraqwar,MrChiracpromisedtosetupaFrenchrivalbytheend of.Theproject isbogged downbyinfighting.FrancesdesiretocombatEnglish,onthewebortheairwaves,isunderstandable.ProtectingFrancestonguefrom itscitizensinclination toadopt Englishwords isan ancienthobby ofthe rulingelite.The AcademicFranaisewasset upin1635tothatend.Linguistsdevisetranslationsofcyber-terms,suchasarrosagespamorboguebug.Lawslimit theuseof Englishon TV一Super Nannyand“Star Academy“are currentpests—and imposetranslationsofEnglishslogans inadvertising.Treating theinvasionofEnglishasamarketfailure thatmustbecorrectedbyhe stalemaylookclumsy.In Franceitisjustbusiness asusual.
36.President JacquesChiracwants tosetupaFrench searchengineto.A.compete withtheAmerican rival“Google”.B.protect Frenchstudents fromAmerican invasionpreservetheintegrityof theFrenchcultureC.stop standingidlybywhen beingthreatened.
37.Mr Donncdicude Vabresis againstGoogle becausehe.A.disagrees withthe wayGoogle listsitsresultsB.resents Googlespopularity aroundtheworldC.docs notbelieveGoogles commercialsuccessD.hates Googlesaccess totheFrenchculture。
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