还剩6页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
高中英语人教版新课标选修7Unit2语法复习…不定式2【课前检查】完成句子
1.Lightning usuallythunder,followed bya storm.雷声常常伴随着闪电而来,接下来就是暴风雨
2.Many teachersboys,without evenrealizing itthemselves.许多老师偏爱男生,甚至他们自己也没有意识到这一点
3.Mr.Steelbankrupt.斯蒂尔先生被宣布破产了
4.I___________________________________________her;she hadto bringup thechildren onherown.我非常同情她——她得独自把孩子抚养成人
5.Sheto visitus.她表达了想拜访我们的渴求Keys:
1.acpanies
2.favour
3.has beendeclared
4.have a lot ofsympathy for
6.expressed adesire【问题查找】用所给词的适当形式填空Lit is a greathonour inviteto attendthe openingceremony.
2.The novelis saidpublish nextmonth.
3.My motheris noteasy persuade.
4.The volunteerwill showyou theright pathtake.
5.They stillhave manydifficulties overe.
6.“Are thereany moreclothes wash”asked Mum.Keys:
1.to be invited
2.to be published
3.to persuade
4.to take
5.to overe
6.to bewashed【要点精讲】学习目标能够理解不定式的被动语态的基本形式,掌握不定式用主动形式表示被动意义的用法,能够把不定式运用于实际考试题型中目标分解⑴学生知道什么是被动语态2学生理解不定式的被动语态的形式和概念3学生了解不定式的被动语态可以充当何种成分4学生掌握不定式用主动形式表示被动意义的用法教学过程目标一被动语态的定义和基本构成被动语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系英语的语态共有两种主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般来说,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有•被动语态汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等被动词来表示被动意义被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式,过去分词部分不变疑问式和否定式的变化也如此目标二不定式的被动语态的形式和概念
一、不定式的被动语态的概念当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,一般要用不定式的被动式不定式的被动语态有两种1一般式not\never to be done表示不定式动作在谓语动词之后或同时发生;2完成式not\never to have beendone表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前目标三不定式的被动语态可以充当的成分
①作主语It is a greathonor to beinvitedto attendthe openingceremony ofAsian Games.
②作表语The newdrug is to betested outon the50overweight peoplenext year.
③作宾语The clerkwouldnt liketo belaughed at by hercustomers.
④作宾补The disabledchild expectedthe cinemato be designed bythe chiefarchitect.
⑤作定语The meetingto beheld inour schoolnext weekis ofgreat significance.
⑥作状语He hurriedto the booking officeonly to be toldthat all the ticketshad beensold out.注意感官动词和一些使役动词的不定式的主动形式要省去to,但在变成被动语态后需要加上to能这样用的动词有:make,have,let,see,hear,notice,listen to,watch等如We oftensee himact like that.=He isoften seento actlikethat.步骤四掌握不定式用主动形式表示被动意义的用法
1.不定式的逻辑主语和逻辑宾语都出现在不定式前面,只能用主动形式;若在句中找不到不定式的逻辑主语,则用不定式的被动形式如
①Do youhave anythingto washtoday你今天要洗什么吗?(to wash的主语为句子的主语you,其逻辑宾语为anything)
②Do youhave anythingto bewashed你有什么要其他人洗的吗?(to bewashed不是you做,向是由“我”或其他人来做)内化过程你还能举出其他类似的例子吗?/havealotofthingstodothisafternoon.(todo与things是动宾关系,与1是主谓关系)Illgotothepostoffice.Doyouhavealettertobeposted(post与主语you之间不存在主被动关系,只和前面letter构成动宾关系)
2.在形容词以及含有形容词的名词后的不定式,即在“主语+改+2句+1(10”句型中,一般用主动形式表示被动意义,其中形容词常见的有easy,difficult,important,impossible等如®Thc workis impossibleto finishin twodays.(The workis finished.)©English isnot soeasy to learn.(English islearnt.)
3.There be结构中,用不定式的主动和被动式来修饰主语,区别不大(多用主动形式)例如There isa lot of workto do/to be done.There isno timeto lose/to belost.注意以下两点⑴如果不定式结构加了“for sb.”表示的逻辑主语时There arestill manyquestions forus to discuss.(us与discuss主谓关系,用主z为todiscuss)There arealot of reasonsfor thebook to bepublished,(thebook与publish是动宾关系,用被动to bepublished)
4.在一些固定用法,如“挨骂,受责备,受批评”用be to blame;”(东西等)出租”用to let如
①He isto blame for whathe hasdone.他应为他的所作所为受责备
②The houseistolet.房子要出租
5.假如不定式所表示的动词,在谓语所表示的动词(或状态)之前发生,该不定式要用完成式如Im gladto have seen your mother.=Im gladthat Ihaveseenyourmother.我很高兴见到过你母亲
6.在“with+n+to do”结构中(和逻辑主语是主动关系)例如With nothingto do,he layin bed.With somany exercisesto do,I cantgo to the cinema.【查漏补缺】
一、单项填空
1.He rushedout of the room.that heknew nothingabout it.A.stated B.statingC.to staleD.having stated
2.The dayjust beforethe finalexaminations,some naughtystudents didnothing exceptall daylong.A.played B.playingC.play D.to play
3.Many applicantsstood outsidethe managersoffice,nervously waitingfor thejob.A.to chooseB.being chosenC.choosing D.to bechosen
4.I amgoing toShanghai.Do youhave anythingto yourparentsA.to takeB.takenC.taking D.to be taken
5.The chairlooks ratherhard,but infact,it isvery fortablcto.A.sit B.sit onC.be satD.be saton
6.My grandpadoesnt likeas anold man.A.to treatB.to treatingC.to betreated D.treat
7.With alotofproblems,thenewly-elected presidentis havinga hardtime.A.settled B.settlingC.to settleD.being settled历一段困难时期由于问题还没有解决,故用不定式表示动作还没有发生
8.It seemsnow,because Ican seeallthepeople in the streetare holdingumbrellas.A.to rainB.to berainingC.to rainingD.be rainingholding都可以体会出来
9.Im sorry to buyyou thebook.Ill rememberto nexttime.A.to forgetB.to haveforgottenC.forgot D.forgetKeys:BCDDB CCBB
二、完成句子
1.Though hehad oftenmade hislittle sistercry,today hewas madecryby hislittle sister.
2.No onetold herwhatdo.
3.One oughtnotpunish fbrwhat onehasnt done.
4.Is itnecessarytell hisfather everything
5.Paul doesn*t haveto be madelearn.He alwaysworks hard.
6.To fetchwater beforebreakfast seemedto mea ruleneverbreak.
7.This pageneedscheckagain.Keys:
1.cry;to cry
2.to do
3.not to be punished
4.to tell
5.tolearn
6.never to be broken
7.to bechecked【梳理优化】
一、常考题型
1.完型填空;
2.阅读理解题;
3.语法填空题
4.书面表达
二、解题技巧语法填空题中不定式的解题技巧
2.观察空格处是否给出提示词一般是未给出提示词的;
3.观察句中所给单词的词性是否为动词词性;
4.观察句中所给单词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词;
5.观察句中所给单词前是否有实义动词需要采用不定式来充当宾语或者宾补;
6.观察句中是否缺少不定式充当主语、表语、状语、定语等;
7.观察不定式动作与谓语动词动作之间发生时间关系以及不定式与逻辑主语之间的关系优化形式主动被动一般式to doto bedone完成式to havedone to have beendone进行式to bedoing无完成进行式tohavebeen doing无【强化巩固】
一、用动词不定式完成下列句子
1.I wastheaccident.事故发生了,我该受指责
2.He wishesbyall.他希望受到大家的爱戴和尊重
3.by peopleisahappy thing.被人爱是一件幸福的事
4.We expectedhim____________________________________.我们希望他能受到优待
5.This isa daynever.这是令人难忘的一天Keys:l.toblamefor
2.to beloved andrespected
3.To beloved
4.to bewell treated
5.to beforgotten
二、用被动语态完成下面对话
1.AThousands ofpeople havebeen killedin thepast fewyears becauseof drunkdriving.I ihinksomemeasures must betakento handleit.BI couldntagree more.It issaid thatit hasbeen putinto CriminalLaw ofthe PeoplesRepublic ofChinaalready,and(以后酒驾者将会受到严惩).A:In myopinion,another measureto betaken isto makethe publicunderstand theharm ofdrunkdriving.B:Pm afraid(这个问题不好处理),for itisatradition inChina todrink atdinners.
2.A:Lisa,I gotcaught in the trafficjam yesterday.You willnever knowhow angryI was!B:Oh,sorrytohear that.The transportin Beijingreally needstobeimproved.A:Yes.A busfull ofpassengers hadbeen stuckinthelong queuefor along time.And thedriver gotshoutedatbysome passengers.B:He isnot toblameforit.汽车的数量应该控制一下and peopleshould berequested totravel bypublictransport.Keys:l.drunk driverswill beheavily punishedinthefuture;the problemis hardto dealwith
2.Thenumber ofcars issupposed tobe controlled【课后练习】
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.He wassaidinvent alotofthings inlife.
2.With manyquestionssettle,1went toour teachersoffice.
3.I hurriedtothestation,tell thatthe lasttrain hadbeen cancelledalready.
4.You needplanning permissionbuild onthis land,and youHbe permitted.
5.1read enoughofthearticlegetthe mainidea.
6.1f theywin thefinal tonight,the teamare goingto touraround thecitycheer bytheir enthusiasticsupporters.
7.JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglish improveinashortperiod.Keys:
1.tohaveinvented;
2.tobesettled;
3.tobetold;
4.to build;
5.to get
6.tobecheered
7.improved
二、语法填空Space StationUnity
1.plctc withinthe nextdecade,and internationalteams ofastronauts willthen besharingquartersforlongperiodsoftime.Whatcan
2.dotoimprovelivingconditionsinspaceHereswhatfbnner astronautssuggest:FoodIt doesnttaste asgood inzero gravity.Food shouldbemadespicier inorder forthose effects
3.overe.International tastesmust also
4.consider.ClothingLayered clothingcould helpastronauts stayfortable.The toplayer shouldbedesigned
5.remove oradded astemperatures vary.SleepingBecause ofweightlessness,sometimes sleep
6.disturb in space,fortable restraintsmustbe provided togivea senseof stability.Emotional NeedsPeopleneed“down limeinspacejust asthey doon Earth.Time oughtto
7.provide forrelaxation andprivacy.Keys
1.will bepleted
2.bedone
3.tobeovere
4.be considered
5.toberemoved
6.is disturbed
7.beprovided。