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专题阅读理解词意猜溺题15备考年高考英语二2023时间分钟共小题4020轮复习讲练测-测（解析版）名校最新模拟试题词义猜测（共小题）20（云南省昆明市云南师范大学附属中学学年高三上学期适应性月考）
1.2022-2023Although it can befound innatural vanillabean extract,vanillin alsocan bemade syntheticallyusing chemicals comingfrom petrol.To createit fromplastic,instead,researchers geneticallymodified astrain ofE.coli bacteriaso thatit canmake vanillin from a raw material used in the production of plastic bottles.
33.Which of the followingwords has the closestmeaning to the underlinedword“synthetically“in paragraph3A.Naturally B.Artificially C.Biologically D.Industrially【答案】B【解析】词句猜测题由第三段“Although itcan befound innatural vanillabean extract,vanillin alsocan bemadesynthetically usingchemicalscomingfrom petrol.To createit fromplastic,instead,researchers geneticallymodified a（虽然strain ofE.coli bacteriaso thatitcanmakevanillinfromarawmaterialusedin theproductionofplasticbottles.香草香精可以在天然香子兰豆提取物中找到，但也可以使用来自汽油的化学物质香草香精相反，synthetically为了用塑料制造香草香精，研究人员对一株大肠杆菌进行了基因改造，使其能够从塑料瓶生产中使用的原材料中生产香草香精厂可知，第三段讲述了实验室里人造香草香精的过程,意为“人造的（）synthetically Artificially故选项B（四川省树德中学学年高三上学期月阶段性测试）
2.2022-202310Overall,Norway is seeing arapid increasein passengercar thisyear——more than35%higher thanin
2020.With electriccar sales booming,the futureof theVAT exemptionhas beena topfor politicaldebate thisyear,as lawmakers lookathow tobolster taxincome whilealso supportingthe moveaway fromfossil fuels.
30.What doesthe underlinedword“bolster“in thelast paragraphmeanA.Calculate B.Reduce C.Receive D.Increase.【答案】D【解析】词义猜测题根据最后一段中的“With electriccarsalesbooming,the futureof theVAT exemptionhas been（随着电动汽车销售的蓬勃发展，免除增值税的未来成为今年政治辩论的热门a topfor politicaldebate thisyear”话题）可知，是否免除增值税将成为今年政治辩论的热点话题，结合划线单词前后“as lawmakers lookat howto（因为立法者们正在研究如何在支持远离bolster taxincome whilealso supportingthe moveaway fromfossil fUels.化石燃料的同时税收收入）可知，是否免除增值税将成为今年政治辩论的热点话题，而对于立法者们而bolster来说，他们想要的是双赢，即在支持远离化石燃料的同时，又能提高税收收入所以可以推断出划线单词“bolster”是“增力口”的意思，选项（增力口）与划线单词意思一样，算；减少；D“Increase”A.Calculate ifB.Reduce C.收到，均不符,故选Receive D（山东省东营市第一中学学年月月考）
3.2022-202310In KansasCity,the KCPet Projectisseeinganimals surrenderedbecause of their ownersmoney problems.It issad toseea numberof petscoming inthrough ourdoors Jsaid KCPet ProjectChief CommunicationsOfficer ToriFugate.People arecalling usevery weeksaying,I dontwant toleave myanimal,but Icant finda placeto livewith it.
9.What doesthe underlinedword“surrendered“in paragraph4meanA.Hunted forB.Looked overC.Given upD.Handed out【答案】c【解析】词句猜测题根据第四段的“because of their owners9money problems（因为主人的经济问题广和“It issad（看到这么多宠物走进我们的家门，我们很难过）“可知，划to seea numberof petscoming inthrough ourdoors线词所在句子表示“在堪萨斯城，宠物项目看到一些动物因为主人的经济问题而被遗弃“，划线词KC的意思是“遗弃，和意思相近，故选surrendered givenup C（江苏省苏州市学年高三期初考试英语试题）
4.2022-2023For Amazonand Netflix,adding gamesto theirplatforms couldattract moresubscribers.Or atthe veryleast dissuadeexistingones fromleaving.After ajump causedby pandemicin users,Netflix dropped430,000subscribers in the secondquarterbut regainedsome of these in the thirdquarter.Netflix hassaid inthe pastthat inthe attentioneconomy”,itcompetes againstvideo gamesjust asmuch asvideo streamingservices.
12.What doesthe underlinedword“dissuade“in Paragraph3mean【答案】A.forbid B.Discourage C.release D.protect B【解析】词句猜测题根据第三段的“For Amazonand Netflixadding gamesto theirplatforms couldattract more（对于亚马逊和在他们的平台上增加游戏可以吸引更多的用户）”可知，平台加入电子游戏元subscribers Netflix素，可以吸引一些新的订阅用户由此推测划线句子意为“或者（这样做）至少劝阻现有的用户离开”，即意为“劝阻，与同义故选dissuade discourageB（湖南师范大学附属中学学年高三上学期月考）
5.2022-2023As aresult,they makeup asmaller shareof theworkforce.With graduationceremonies behindthem,the latestgroup ofdiploma-holders areentering thejob market.What theywant fromemployers is also notquite thesame asin generationspast.
28.What doesthe underlinedword diploma-holders inthe firstparagraph refer toA.Employees B.Students C.Graduates D.Shareholders【答案】C【解析】词句猜测题根据第一段划线词前半句（随着毕业典礼的结With graduationceremonies behindthem,束，厂可知随着毕业典礼的结束，最新一批文凭持有者正在进入就业市场可以推出，指的I,diploma-holders是那些参加完毕业典礼，准备进入就业市场的毕业生这与”毕业文凭持有者”的字面意思也diploma-holder相符故选C（河南省名校联盟学年上学期开学考英语试题）
6.2022-2023Lotse hadshared the story of the blindUS mountaineerErik Weihenmayer,who climbed Qomolangma in May
2001.Zhang wastouched by the story,which ignitedhis dreamof climbing.
5.What doesthe underlinedword ignited“in paragraph5meanA.Lighted B.Accomplished C.Followed D.Recalled【答案】A【解析】词句猜测题根据第五段“Lotse hadshared thestory of the blindUS mountaineerErik Weihenmayer,who.（洛茨曾分climbedQomolangmainMay
2001.Zhang wastouched bythestory,which ignitedhis dreamof climbing享过美国盲人登山者埃里克维亨迈尔在年月攀登珠穆朗玛峰的故事这个故事感动了他，了・20015ignited他的登山梦想）”中划线词后和可推知，埃里克维亨迈尔的故事点燃了张的登山梦想，“his dreamof climbing”・结合选项，动词与同义，意为“点燃，激起二故选项ignite lightA（河北省保定市学年高三月份考试英语试题）
7.2022-20239But researchshows thereare pathwaysthrough theheartache.Listening tosad musicisamajor one.It canhelp youbegin to feel joy and hopefulness about your life again.It canactivate empathyand thedesire toconnect withothers—both avenuesthrough theprison ofheartache anddespair.What doesthe underlinedword“avenues“in paragraph2meanA.Relations B.Pathways C.Stations D.Struggles【答案】B【解析】词句猜测题根据第二段中（但研究表明，“But researchshows thereare pathwaysthrough theheartache.心痛是有途径的）”以及画线词上文“It canhelp youbegintofeeljoyandhopefulnessaboutyourlifeagain.It can（它可以帮助你重新对生活感至快乐和希望它可以激activate empathyand thedesire toconnect withothers U发同理心和与他人联系的欲望）“可知，悲伤的音乐可以帮助你重新对生活感到快乐和希望，以及激发同理心和与他人联系的欲望，这两种途径都可以穿过心痛和绝望的牢笼故画线词意思是“途径:故选B（北京市师范大学附属实验中学高三上学期开学摸底考试）
8.2022-2023And oncean ideagets thegrann light,it willthen behandled byproduct-design andengineering teams,three-quarters ofwhose members are men.
27.The underlinedpart in Paragraph2means.A.hits themarketB・gets approvalC.becomes successfulD.comes into being【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题根据划线短语的主语意为想法；主意L结合后文““an ideait willthen behandled by（然后，它》各由产品设计和工程product-design andengineering teams,three-quarters ofwhosemembersaremen.团队来处理，其中四分之三的成员是男性）可知，这个想法或创意应是先被批准，才将由产品设计和工程团队来处理由此可推知，划线短语应是“获得批准”含义，与选项（得到“gets thegreen light”Begets approval批准）”表达含义一致故选项B（北京市八一学校学年高三暑期学习反馈英语试题）
8.2022-2023Just atthis timeNASA decidedto testsome newhigh-altitude camerasby takingphotographs of Yellowstone.Athoughtful official passed on some of the copies tothe park authorities on theassumption thatthey mightmake aniceblow-up forone of the visitorscenters.
26.What doesthe underlinedword“blow-up“inthelast paragraphmost probablymeanA.Hot-air balloonB.Digital cameraC.Big photographD.Birds view【答案】c【解析】词义猜测题根据第三段第一句Just atthis timeNASA decidedto testsome newhigh-altitude camerasbytaking photographsofYellowstone.A thoughtfulofficialpassedonsome ofthecopiestotheparkauthoritieson theassumption thatthey mightmake anice blow-up forone ofthe visitors9centers.可知，美国国家航空航天局为测试一些新的高海拔照相机而拍摄了黄石公园的照片一位深思熟虑的官员把其中的一些照片副本转交给了公园管理部门，认为他们可能会将其放大以供一个游客中心展示根据常识可知，游客中心的照片一般都很大，以吸引游客的注意，故此处意为“将照片放大“，选C（届河南省洛阳市洛阳创新发展联盟高三摸底考试英语试题）
9.2023（）Researchers fromThe Universityof QueenslandUQ havehelped designa newapp to protect birdsat riskof extinctionacrossthe worldby eliminatinglanguage barriersamong scientists.The BirdLanguage Diversityweb appwill helpprovide a birds eye view”,ensuring vitalinformation isshared toimprove worldwideconservation.
32.What doesthe underlinedword eliminatingin paragraph1meanA.Giving into B.Coming acrossC.Putting upwith D.Breaking down【答案】D【解析】词句猜测题根据第一段“The BirdLanguage Diversityweb appwill helpprovideabirdseyeview”,（鸟类语言多样性网络应用程序将有助于提ensuring vitalinformation isshared toimprove worldwideconservation.供“鸟瞰视图”，确保重要信息共享，以改善全球保护）”以及第二段“Scientific informationon speciescan bespreadacross differentlanguages,but valuableinformation cango missingor getlost intranslation,,,Dr Negretsaid.（“关于物种的科学信息可以在不同的语言中传播，但有价值的信息可能会在翻译中丢失或丢失，”内格雷特博士说）”可知，这款应用程序通过打破科学家之间的语言障碍来保护世界各地濒临灭绝的鸟类由此可推知，在此意为“破坏，消除”故选eliminate D（浙江衢州二中届高三英语第一次模拟考试）
11.2022Recently,a newstudy hasshown thatcertain cells,called timecells,make thistype ofmemory possible.These cellshelpus formclear memoriesin timeorder.As memoriesare beingformed,these timecells puta stampon thememories.Later,this stamphelps usrecount theexact sequenceof events and experiences.
5.Which can replace theword“sequence“inthe2nd paragraphA.Result B.Number C.Detail D.Order【答案】D【解析】词句猜测题根据上句当As memoriesare beingformed,these timecells puta stampon thememories^^记忆形成时,这些时间细胞在记忆上烙上了印记以及时间和经历的细节可知这些时eventsandexperiences.”间细胞在记忆上烙上的印记帮助我们叙述事件和经历的确切顺序意思是顺序故选项sequence D（北京中学届上学期高三年级月月考英语试卷）
12.101202210In additiontobeingmore in touch withthe foodshes eating,another joycomes frompassing thisknowledge andthisdesire forgood foodto herchildren:Influencing themand tellingthem youropinion onnot onlybeing carefulwhat weeatbut understandingthe biggerpicture,she said,nthat ifwe dont take care ofthe earth,no will.
26.What isthe nthebiggerpicture11（Para.6）that Loewishes herchildren tounderstandA.The knowledgeabout goodfood.B.The wayto livea grow-our-own life.C.The joyof gettingintouchwith foods.D.The responsibilitytoprotectour earth.【答案】D【解析】词句猜测题根据最后一段说的话，分析句子结构可知，Loe“that ifwe don*ttakecareoftheearth,no『是划线部分的同位语，是起对划线部分解析说明的作用根据这句话，我们可以推断出，是想让孩will Loe子们理解，如果不能照顾好这个地球，以后也不会吃到自己种的菜了所以，她是想让孩子们理解保护好地球是每个人的责任故选项D（年月浙江省，，山水联盟”高三联考）
13.20228The researchersare uncertainwhy thechimps usethe insects,or evenwhich insectsthey are,but suspectthey mighthavelenitive propertiesthat couldprovide painrelief.
9.Which ofthe followingcan bestreplace theword lenitive“in Paragraph2A.Original B.Relieving C.Refreshing D.Resistant【答案】B【解析】词句猜测题根据第二段中划线词后的句子（这可以缓解疼痛）”可知，“that couldprovide painrelief.上文划线部分的与“缓解的”同意，故选项lenitive relievingB（年浙江省七彩阳光新高考研究联盟返校联考）
14.2022With thatmuch moneyat riskfor highprofits,misleading claimscan effectivelyhamper theflow ofmoney andresourcesinto reallygreen newplans andbusinesses,preventing globalefforts fromdealing withthe climateemergency.Idescribe itastheteenage years1of responsibleinvesting,with alot ofexperimentation,and alot ofpeople tryingout newthings.says AshleyHamilton Claxton.D.The companydoesn*t sayits green”and“eco”.
6.What doesthe underlinedword“hamper“probably meanA.put B.clarify C.stop D.divide【答案】C【解析】词义猜测题根据最后——段（阻止“preventing globalefforts fromdealing withthe climateemergency.”全球协作处理气候紧急情况）可以推测出，错误的声明实际上阻碍钱和资源流入真正绿色的新计划和业务中，才会阻止全球协作处理气候紧急情况放；阐明；停止，阻拦；分开所以A.put B.clarify C.stop D.divide hamper应与选项同义，意为阻止，阻碍故选C.stop C（北京交通大学附中届高三开学英语诊断练习）
15.2023A keyaspect ofscientific judgmentis thatit isdone collectively.No claimgets accepteduntil ithas beenvetted bydozens,if nothundreds,of heads.In areasthat havebeen contested,like climatescience andvaccine safety,its thousands.This iswhywe aregenerally justifiedin notworrying toomuch ifa singlescientist,even avery famousone,disagrees withtheclaim.And thisis whydiversity inscience—the more people lookingat aclaim fromdifferent angles-is important.
32.What doesthe underlinedword vetted“inParagraph4probably meanA.Examined B.Explained.C.Repeated.D.Released.【答案】A【解析】词句猜测题根据根据第四段第一句（科A keyaspect ofscientific judgmentis thatit isdone collectively.”学判断的一个关键方面是集体判断）和最后一句一And thisis whydiversity inscience themorepeoplelooking（这就是为什么科学的多样性更多的at aclaim fromdifferent angles—is important.人从不同的角度看待一项主张——很重要）可知，此处是指一个主张需要经过很多人的检测才会被接受所以意为“被检测”故选vetted A（广东省东莞市东华高级中学学年高三上学期模拟考试）
16.2022-2023The moralof thisstory is...don*t give up.Even ifthings lookbleak now.don*t giveup.Things changeIf youwork hard,give ittime,and dont giveup,things willalways getbetter Oftentimesall weneed isthe courageto pushbeyond theriver.
6.Which ofthe followingcan replacethe underlinedword bleak”inthelast paragraphA.unattractive B.hopeless C.thrilling D.promising【答案】B【解析】猜测词义题根据文章最后一段第
一、二句The moralof thisstory is...don!tgiveup.Even ifthings look（这个故事的寓意是不要放弃即使现在情况看起来很也不要放弃）可知，bleak now,doiTt giveup.bleak,能够导致你对一件事情的放弃，这件事可能是无望的或者是糟糕的，所以能够替换的词是故bleak hopeless选项B（广东省汕头市金山中学学年高三上学期第二次月考）
17.2022-2023Hidden underthe junglesofthe Maya BiosphereReserve,more than60,000human-made features-homes,canals,一highways,some ofwhich caneven reachthe modernizedstandard havebeen identifiedby aninternational cooperationofresearchers headedbythePACUNAM Foundation,a Mayacultural andnatural heritageorganization.Those haveexpertsrethinking theoutlines andcomplexity oftheMaya empire.
9.What doesthe underlinedword Those“in paragraph4refertoA.The junglesoftheReserve.B.The outlinesoftheMayaempire.C.The researchersoftheorganization.D.The man-made projectsoftheReserve.【答案】D【解析】词句猜测题根据第四段“Hidden underthe junglesoftheMaya BiosphereReserve,more than60,000（城市遗迹隐human-made features-homes,canals,highways,someofwhich caneven reachthe modernizedstandard藏在玛雅生态保护区处的密林之下超过万多项人造工程有房舍、运河高速公路，它们当中有一些建造水6准已经达到当代的水平广可知，划线代词指的是前文中提到的“玛雅生物保护区的万多项人造工程”those6故选项D（广西北海市学年高三上学期月联考适应性考试）
18.2022-20239Dogs areborn tosocialise withpeople becausewe raisethem thatway.Two-month-old dogscan alreadyrecognise whenpeople are pointing at objectsand willstare atour faceswhen theyrespoken to-both signsthat dogshave aninnatecapacity tointeract withus throughbody language.
28.What doesthe underlinedword“innate“in paragraph1probably meanA.Weak B.Natural C.Secret D.Complete【答案】B［解析】词义猜测题根据文章第一段Dogs arebom tosocialise withpeople becausewe raisethem thatway.（狗天生就会与人交往，因为我们把Two-month-old dogscan alreadyrecognise whenpeoplearepointingatobjects它们养大了两个月大的小狗已经能认出人们指着什么东西广可知，两个迹象都表明狗有与生俱来的能力可以通过肢体语言与我们互动故与上文中出现的应是同义词，项“天生的”符合题意故选项innate bornB B（广东省深圳市光明区学年高三第一次模拟考试）
19.2022-2023（植被）Even long-buried ruinscan leavea markonthesurface,affecting thegrowth ofvegetation andso resultingin“crop marks”.These outlinesbecome apparentfrom highabove andwith instrumentsattuned tocertain wavelengthsoflight.
13.Which ofthe followingcanreplacethe underlinedword“attuned“in paragraph2A.Compared B.Adjusted C.Appealed D.Launched【答案】B【解析】词句猜测题根据本句中和可推断，该项技术使用能够“instruments“certain wavelengthsof light”适合特定波长的反射光的原理对地下遗址进行探测，所以猜测表调整”的意思故选项attune B（河北省衡水市部分学校学年高三上学期月月考）
20.2022-20239（声波传感茗称）Austrian companyTec-Innovation recentlyunveiled smart shoes that use ultrasonic sensors to help（损伤）（障碍物）people sufferingfrom blindnessor visionimpairment todetect obstaclesup tofour metresaway.
12.What doesthe underlinedword unveiledin paragraph1probably meanA.Purchased B.Launched C.Evaluated D.Promoted【答案】B【解析】词句猜测题根据第一段的（声波传感器）“smartshoesthatuseultrasonicsensorstohelppeople suffering（损伤）（障碍物）（使用超声波传from blindnessor visionimpairment todetect obstaclesup tofour metresaway.感器的智能鞋，可以帮助盲人或视力障碍患者探测米外的障碍物广可知，句子表示奥地利研发出了一款智4能鞋，可以探测到米远的障碍物意为“公开，使公诸于众和（发行）意思相近，故选4unveil Llaunch B。
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