北师大版高中英语必修第三册Unit9LearningLesson1

学习Unit9LearningLesson1教材认知掌握必备知识,•稳中求迷沐日中之光I.必备单词:根据提示填写单词【词块记忆】

1.an automaticfunction of the body一种自主的身体功能

2.the inner voice and the outer voice内在的声音和外在的声音

3.the easiest way to promote activelearning促进积极学习的最简单的方法

4.dinosaur bones恐龙骨骼

5.have enoughdata tosupport theirviews有足够的数据支持他们的观点【拓展记忆】

6.reflect应.如上仔细思考;表达（意见）;反映一reflection几（光、热或声音的）反射;（反射出来的）影像，倒影;深思7argue

5.争论，争吵一argument九争论，争吵;论据,理由;辩论，讨论8assume认为;假定假设—assumption比假定，假设;获得,承担一assuming co切.假如

9.flexible画.灵活的，可变通的一flexibly adv.灵活地;易曲地;柔软地;有弹性地一flexibility九灵活性;弹性，柔性lO.likely力,可能发生的—unlikely.不大可能的Tikeliness〃.可能性

11.exist应存在;实际上有一existence比存在，实有;生存一existing.现存的，现行的•

1.1ignore忽视;置之不理一ignorance几无知，愚昧一ignorant M.无知的,（对某事物）不了解的•I immediatelystarted myDIY project,which ended up witha toydoll.我立即开始了我的DIY项目,最后做成了一个玩具娃娃（）最后;最终l end up doing【核心归纳】end upwith...而结束end upas...结果成为（职位）

（2）come to an end=put/bring anend to=bring sth.to anend结束in theend最后包冬于at anend结束，终止【即学活用】单句语法填空/完成句子

①Smell theflowers beforeyou goto sleep,and youmay justend upwith sweetdreams.

②（2023•全国乙卷）Ho wever,we didnot markthe route（路线）so weended upalmost missing（miss）the sunsetentirely.

③His brothergot rapidpromotion andendedupas amanager in a company.

④When thevacation cameto anend,I realizedI hadntthought ofmy phoneonce.当假期结束时，我意识到我一次都没有想到我的手机

⑤They sincerelyhope that the conversationcan beat anend quicklywhen they are askedto answerthequestion.他们真诚地希望当他们被要求回答问题时，谈话能够迅速结束

5.attempt vt.〃.尝试，试图（应用文之）舌动报道）We madean attempt to findthe shortestway inorder toclimb to the topof themountain as soon as possible.我们试图找到最短的路以便尽快爬到山顶（读后续写之神态描写）With lipstrembling,he attemptedto saysomething butin vain and tearswererolling in his eyes.他的嘴唇颤抖着想说点什么却说不出来,眼泪在眼眶里打转【核心归纳】尝试某事attempt to do sth.试图做某事lattempt sth.2make an attempt to do sth.试图做某事in anattempt atsth./to do sth.试图做某事at the first attempt第一次尝试3attempted未遂的【名师点津】attempt to do sth相当于try to do sth.,意为“试图做某事，但不一定成功;而succeed indoingsth./manage to do sth.意为“成功地做某事工【即学活用】单句语法填空/句型转换

①After severalattemptsattempt,he madeit!

②He managedto hitthe targetat thefirst attempt.

③As westarted down,I stoodon thebrake withall ofmy weightinanattempt tokeep balance.

④2023♦全国乙卷1often leaveearly toseek theright destinationsso Ican setup earlyto avoidmissingthe momentI amattempting tnphotowraDhnhotoRraph.

⑤My parentsand coachwaved wildlyand attemptedto contain their excitement,but theglittering tearsfailedthem.—My parentsand coachwaved wildlyand madeanattemptto contain their excitement,but theglitteringtears failedthem.

①2022•浙江1月高考My choicesare basedon thelifestyle Iwant.

②Statement shouldbe madeon thebasis offact.©Basing baseyour judgmenton emotionrather thanreason,you arebound to make mistakes.©Based baseon this theory,scientists cansafely drawa conclusion.DJudgment shouldbe basedon facts,not onhearsay.判断应该以事实为依据，而不应该依靠道听途说

①2022•浙江1月高考He wasntmean orabusive;he justgave methe impressionimpresshecould dowhateverproject wedreamed upbetter ifhe didit alone.

②Walking homelast week,!was greetedby animpressive impresspurple-pink sunset.

③His fatheralways cheershim up and impressesthe valueof nevergiving upon/upon him.

④应用文之景点介绍Every yearmillions ofvisitors fromall overthe worldvisit it and areimpressedwith itsbeauty.每年都有数百万来自世界各地的游客参观它,并对它的美丽印象深刻

⑤The conductorsurrounded bya crowdof peoplewas eagerto makea goodimpression on them.被一群人包围的指挥家急于给他们留下好印象【补偿训练】句式升级Those beautifulpaper-cutting workswill surely impress you.

①You will surely be impressedwiththose beautifulpaper-cutting works.beimpressedwith

②Those beautifulpaper-cutting workswillsurelymake/leave animpression onyou.impression

③What willsurelyimpressyou arethose beautifulpaper-cutting works.what弓|导的主语从句

8.Your inner voice expressesyour personalopinions,while the outer voicetells youabout opinionsfromwhat youhear orread.内心的声音表达你的个人意见,而外部的声音告诉你关于听到或者读到的观点［句式解构］本句中while为并列连词，意为“然而”*Some arerich,while othersare poor.有些人很有钱，有些人却很穷*And you might find it relaxingto bringyour smallkid to a half-hour StoryTime whileyou sitquietly inacomer witha goodbook.你可能会发现带着你的孩子去半个小时的“故事时间”是一种放松，那时你安静地坐在角落里看一本好书*While Iadmit that the problemsare difficultjdont agreethat theycannot besolved.虽然我承认这些问题很难，但是我并不认为它们无法解决【名师点津】while用法集锦lwhile意为“当……的时候，和……同时”时引导时间状语从句2while意为“虽然尽管”时引导让步状语从句,常位于句首3while意为而……，然而……”对比两件事物时用来连接两个并列分句,强调前后对比，常位于句中［易混辨析］while/when/as引导时间状语从句while表示一段时间和某一过程，必须跟延续性动词when既可以表示时间段,也可以表示时间点从句动词可为终止性的，也可为持续性的as表示两个动作同时进行，有时有伴随意味,可译为“一边……一边……”【即学活用】完成句子/翻译句子

①You likesports,while Idrather read.你喜欢体育，而我却喜欢读书

②He wastaking abath whileI waspreparing dinner.我准备晚餐的时候他在洗澡

③只要活着就有希望译:While thereslife,theres hope.9,It istrue that we cannot help dislikingsome people-this ishuman nature,after all.确实，我们难免会讨厌某些人,毕竟这是人的本性［句式解构］本句中含有力t is+^.+that从句”结构*Its clear/obvious that he wassuffering greatpain whenhe talked.显然，他说话的时候正遭受着巨大的痛苦*It isknown toall thatTaiwan belongsto China.众所周知，台湾属于中国*It happenedto methat Imet myformer teacherin thecinema.在电影院我碰巧遇到了我以前的老师【名师点津】⑴在“it is+M+that…”句型中,it替代后面that引导的主语从句作形式主语可用于该句型的形容词有clear,obvious,true,possible,necessary,natural,important等2常见it作形式主语替代后面的从句的句型有

①It is+名词a pity,a shame,ones duty,no wonder...+that从句

②It is+过去分词said,reported,known,believed,announced,suggested,required...+that从句

③It+不及物动词happen,occur,appear,seem...+that从句【即学活用】完成句子

①It isbelieved that the filmis instructiveand fullof emotion.人们相信这部电影是有教育意义的，充满了感情

②It is a pitythat Icannot goto thebookstore withyou onFriday afternoon.很遗感星期五下午我不能和你一起去书店了

③It isimportant that you shouldhand in your articlebefore28th,June.你应该在6月28日前交论文，这是很重要的【续写佳句集萃】

1.As itsailed overhead,the armsand legswould moveupanddown,giving theimpression ofbeingalive!当它飞过头顶时，胳膊和腿会上下移动,给人一种充满活力的感觉！

2.Thus,he justignored the other boyslaughter andcontinued tostick tohis thoughtand goto schoolandstudy as well.因此，他无视其他男孩的笑声，继续坚持自己的想法,去学校学习

3.There wasno denyingthat Itrusted herjudge,basedonpast experience.毫无疑问，基于过去的经验，我信任她的判断

3.1f theywanted myattention,I assumed that theywould letme know.如果他们想引起我的注意，我想他们会让我知道的【要点拾遗】l.promote诫推广，宣传;促销;促进,增进;晋升提升（应用文之建议信）Last but not least,participate invarious sportsactivities andpromote physicalandmental healththrough physicalexercise.最后但并非最不重要的是，参加各种体育活动，通过体育锻炼促进身心健康（读后续写之人物描写）The newsof herpromotion wentover wellwith hercolleagues.她晋升的消息一传开，同事都为她高兴1be/get promoted to被提升（为……）promote sb.from...to...把某人从……提升为be promoted as被推广/提升为……2promotion机促进;晋升;促销3promoter儿促进者，发起人,支持者【核心归纳】【即学活用】单句语法填空/完成句子©While waitingfor theopportunity to get promotedpromote,Henry didhis bestto performhis duty.

②She workedhard andwas soonpromoted froma saleswomantoamanager.

③The areais beingpromotedasa touristdestination.

④应用文之建议信Taking partin this activity promotesyour understandiiiqof Chineseculture.参加这个活动有助于提升你对中国文化的理解

⑤Because ofhis goodwork,John waspromotedtoa higherposition.约翰因工作出色而被提拔到更高的职位

①If oneis latefor ajob interview,it is not likelythat hewill getthe job.

②As aresult,he islikely tohavehavemorechances to be successfulin thefuture.

③But nobodyimagined theart couldbe veryold becauseancient paintingsseem unlikelylikely tosurvivein the environment ofhigh temperatures.

④You arelikelytosuffer from bad health if you keep smoking.islikelythatyou will sufferfrombadhealthif youkeepsmoking.

①No oneknowswhensuch acustom first came intoexistence exist.

②He findsit hardtoexiston themoney hesearning.

③But thefact isthat manyof these“inventions“have alreadybeen inexistence forquite sometime.©Scientists havemany theoriesabout howthe universefirstcameintoexistence/beinq.关于一开始宇宙是如何产生的，科学家们有多种论说

①I waswalking nearto Jack,but hestood there,ignoring ignoreme.

②Some peoplealways doeverything theylike,but theyare inignorance ignoreof othersfeelings.

③No onecan ignorethe qreatinfluence socialmedia hasin shapingthe publicopinions.任何人都不能忽视社交媒体在塑造公众舆论方面的巨大影响力O

13.impress u使钦佩,使留下深刻印象-impression印象;感想—impressive〃力.给人印象深刻・的，令人钦佩的n.必备短语:根据提示填写短语或含义l.pay attention to注意;重视

1.1nthisway这样;用这种方法

3.make decisions做决定;下决心

5.be basedon…以……为根据

6.find out找出,查明;发现

7.cannot help doing禁不住做;不得不做8,after all毕竟;终究

8.seiarate…from…把……和……分开

10.aswell同样也

11.all byoneself靠自己;独立，单独

12.take partin参加，参与

13.reflect on思考

14.get in the wayof妨碍，阻碍

15.focus on集中（注意力、精力）于

16.argue with争吵

17.end updoing最后;最终

18.work out弄懂某事物;计算出

19.in short总而言之;简单地说

④Many peopleare ieiwrantof thefacts aboutglobal warming.许多人对全球变暖的事实一无所知勤学善思致于求知接动词一加g形式或不定式的动词的用法【探究感知】观察以下课文原句并思考黑体部分的用法l.We needto trainourselves to be betterlearners-to activelytake partinthelearning process and to reflecton what we have learnt.

2.1suggest doingfive thingsto take an active role in your learning.

3.If youkeep payingtoo much attentiontoit,you riskmissing important information.

4.Be flexiblein youropinions and you mightend upagreeing with the speaker/writer after all.

5.1n short:Do notstop beingcurious.

6.They attemptto findthe truthat theheart ofeach idea.

7.1fyoutry tofind out the sourceof anidea,no matterhow crazyit seems,you will increase your chanceof learningsomething.

8.They refuseto learnor ignorewhat issaid because of whothe speaker/writer is.

9.1t istrue thatwe cannothelp dislikingsome people—this ishuman nature,after all.［归纳填空］

1.以上例句中哪些动词（短语）后跟动词-沅g形式作宾语？suggest、keep、risk、end up、stop、cannothelp

2.以上例句中哪些动词（短语）后跟动词不定式形式作宾语need、attempt,try、refuse【要义精析】接动词工咫形式或不定式的动词，即动词工咫（动名词）或不定式作动词的宾语，常见的这类动词（短语）有

一、跟动词-加g形式作宾语的动词（短语）考虑建议盼原谅，consider,suggest/advisejook forward to,excuse/pardon,admit,delay/put off,fancy承认推迟没得想避免错过继续练,avoid,miss,keep/keep on,practice,deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate否认完成就欣赏禁止想象才冒险，forbid,imagine,risk;cant help（禁不住），mind,allow/permit,escape不禁介意准逃亡*1strongly advisebuying theticket atonce.我强烈建议立刻买票*He triesto avoideating sweetsbecause theyare unhealthy.他尽量不吃甜食，因为它们不健康*Have youever consideredstudying abroad你考虑过出国留学吗？*Dont belate!I dislikebeing keptwaiting.别迟到!我不喜欢等人*Kids therereally enjoyplaying football.那里的孩子真的喜欢踢足球*1Hnished cleaningthe livingroom.我打扫完客厅了*1am looking forwardtohearing fromyou assoonaspossible.我期待着尽快收到你的来信【名师点津】⑴下列动词或词组既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别打算做某事意mean todosth.Y味着做某事尽mean doing sth.力去做某事试try todosth.着做某事Jry doing sth.]go ontodostK[go on继续做另一件事继续做doingsth.原来做的事记着去做某J remembertodosth.事（未做）记着做了某事remember doingsth.（已做）不能帮忙做某事cant helptodosth.cant禁不住做某事停下来去helpdoingsth.stop todo做另一件事停止做某事sth.忘记去做某事（未做）忘记做过某事（已做）对即stop doingsth.、将做的事遗憾（未做）对f forgettodosth.做过的事后悔（已做）[forget doingsth.J regrettodosth.regretdoing sth.*1shall neverforget hearingher singingthat song.我永远也不会忘记听她唱那支歌时的情景*Don，t forgetto capitalizethefirstletter inthe sentence.不要忘记把句子中的第一个字母大写*1cant helplaughing everytime I think ofthat.每次一想起那件事，我就会忍不住笑起来*This dictionarycant helpto learnthe language.这本词典不能帮助学习语言

（2）在allow,permit,advise等动词后直接跟动词-山g形式作宾语，如果这些词后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后要用动词不定式作宾语补足语如:*We dontallow smokingintheclassroom.我们不允许在教室里吸烟*We dontallow studentsto smoke.我们不允许学生吸烟⑶动词need,require,want作“需要”讲时，其后用动词-比g的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语,这时动词-加g的主动形式表被动意义如*Your coatwants washing.=Your coatwants tobe washed.你的外套该洗了

（4）it作形式宾语指代动词痴g形式（短语）常见于“动词+it+no good/no use/useless/a wasteof time/worthwhile等+doing...”这一结构*He thoughtit no use tryingto convincethem.他认为企图说服他们没有用

二、跟动词不定式作宾语的动词（短语）决心学会想希望，decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish,refuse,manage,care,pretend拒绝设法愿假装主动答应选计划，offer,promise,choose,plan,agree,ask/beg,help同意请求帮一帮*What didthey decidetodo他们决定做什么？*She failedto cometo schoolyesterday.她昨天没来上学*I hopetobeback soon.我希望早点回去*She promisedto buymeagift.她曾答应给我买一件礼物【名师点津】形式宾语it指代动词不定式短语该用法常见于“find/think/feel/consider/believe/make+it+形容词/名词+for/of sb.+todosth.”这一结构*They consideredit importantto havethe workdone ontime.他们认为按时完成这项工作很重要*We makeitarule tovisit theold everyweekend.我们规定每个周末都去看望那些老人们*1feel itagreathonor tobe invitedto speakatthemeeting.能受邀在会上发言我感到十分荣幸【知识延伸】动词-沅g形式短语作宾语时，其前可加动作的逻辑主语oneWone,结构:one，s/one doingo*His friendwas angryabout his/him beinglate他的朋友因为他迟到而生气*Do youmind my/me openingthe window你介意我打开窗户吗？【即学活用】语法填空

①If youinvite peopletoaparty at7oclock yourguests willconsider itpolite toturn turnup exactlyontime inGermany.

②I findit easyenough togetgetalong withTom.31finditnousewaitingwaithere takingno measures.41think itno gooddoingdo toomany thingsfor children.

⑤Most computerusers thinkit necessaryfor theirsoftware tobe updatedupdate regularly.@The applausegrew louderand louderand hekept staying;stay.

⑦All ofus arelookingforwardto livingliveinaharmonious society.

⑧He pretendedtobestudying studywhenhis motherstepped intothe room.

⑨I quicklylower myself,ducking myhead toavoid lookinglookdirectly intohis eyesso hedoesnt feelchallenged.⑩I feltit necessaryto speakspeakaboutmy shortcomings.@Hearing thisstory,!couldnt helplaughinglaugh.【语法主题应用】使用本单元所学接动词-加g形式或不定式的动词的知识补全句子

1.The doctortried tocure thewoman ofher illness,so hetried treatingher witha newmedicine.医生努力治这位妇女的病，为此他尝试用一种新药来为她治疗

2.What apoor memory!I fovgotboirowing moneyfrom himyesterday.But todayI forgotto return themoney tohim again.记性真差!我忘了昨天向他借过钱,而今天又忘了把钱还给他

3.When theteacher saidangrily,Stop talking,childrenthe pupilsstopped towrite theircompositions.老师生气地说，“别说了，孩子们”，同学们这才停下来开始写作文

4.1regretted totell himthathehad beendismissed.To mysurprise,he saidto me,“I amnot sad.I onlyregrethaeinq takenthe wrongjob.”我遗憾地告诉他他被开除了使我惊讶的是，他对我说:“我不伤心,我只是后悔选错了工作”

5.—Remember toreturnthebat tome.一But Iremember havingreturned itto you.——记住把拍子还给我——可是我记得我已经把它还给你了

20.attemptto尝试

22.miss outon错过m.必备句式:观察黑体部分并翻译课文原句

1.Your inner voice expressesyour personalopinions,while the outervoicetells youabout opinionsfromwhat youhear orread.（while连接两个并列分句）译文:你内心的声音表达你的个人意见，而外部的声音告诉你关于你听到或者读到的观点

2.Instead,active learnersare open-minded andfocus onwhat the speaker/writer is saying,not onwhattheir brain issaying inthe background.（what弓I导宾语从句）译文相反，主动学习者是开放的专注于醺Ag置演所幽适,而不是自己的大脑在背景中说的话

3.1f not,at leastyou havelistened to^another pointof view.（状语从句的省略）译文:如果没直，至少你已经“听过”了另一种观点

4.If youtry tofind outthe sourceof anidea,no matterhow crazyit seems,you willincrease yourchanceof learningsomething.（no matterhow弓|导让步状语从句）译文:如果你试图找出一个想法的来源,无论这个想法看起来多么不可思议，你都更有机会学到一些东西

5.It istrue thatwe cannothelp dislikingsome people-this ishuman nature,after is+tzJ/.+that从句）译文:确实，我们难免会不喜欢某些人—毕竟这是人的本性【词汇串串记】

1.un-否定前缀，常用于形容词或动词前构成否定意思例如un-+likely-unlikely不可能的usual一umisual不寻常的common一uncommon不普通的important一unimportant不重要的脱衣dress-sundresscover一uncover揭露load一unload卸下lock—»unlock开……的锁ti dy—untidy不整洁的

2.out出来,高开常放在动词后构成动词短语例如:work out计算出；制定出;弄懂某事物;锻炼figure out想出，算出，理解，弄明白burst out闯出来;突然开始find out找出;查明;发现语篇精读形成阅读能力,•本何方能首行Taskl语篇宏观建构l.Skim thepassage andAll inthe blanks.Para.1:What is1learningPara.2:Listen tothe2voice.Para.3:Argue withyour3voice.Para.4:Ask

4.Para.5:Get tothe

5.Para.6:6the message.答案:lactive2outer3inner4questions5truth6Focus on

2.Whaf sthe mainidea ofthis passageThepassage ismainly aboutwhat activelearning is.【阅读策略点拨】如何选小标题选小标题，不应过于注重细节信息，重心应放在主旨大意上，可从该段的中心句着手,同时借助关键词和语义关联来确定小标题Task2文本细节探究Choose thebest answer.

1.What doesmost peoplebelieveA.We needto trainourselves tobe betterlearners.B.The human brain learnsall by itself.C.We needto activelytake partinthelearning process.D.It isntalways truethat the humanbrainis seton automatic”.

2.How manysuggestions aregiven inthe textto takean activerole inlearningA.Five.B.Four.C.Three.D.Six.

3.Which oneis theeasiest waytopromoteactive learningA.Listening totheoutervoice.B.Arguing withyour innervoice.C.Asking questions.D.Getting tothe truth.

4.What canwe learnfrom thetextA.The outervoice expressesyour personalopinions.B.Active learnersfocus onwhat theirbrainissayinginthebackground.C.Active learnersaccept everythingthey learn.D.Active learnersdont judgepeople basedon firstimpressions orpersonal feelings.答案:1〜

4.BACDTask3主题总结归纳Reread thepassage andAll inthe blanks.While sometimesthehumanbrain canlearn allbyitself,weneedto

1.actively activetake partinthe learningprocessandto reflect on

2.whatwehavelearnt.We aresupposed totakeanactiverolein ourlearning.Your innervoice

3.expresses expressyour personalopinions.If youpay toomuchattentionto yourinnervoice,you willrisk

4.missing missimportantinformation.Active learnersare open-minded,andthey areinabetter positionto make

5.decisions decision.If youfind your innervoicedifficult tocontrol,you canargue

6.with itas mostactive learnersdo.Be flexibleinyouropinions andyou mightend upagreeing withthespeaker/writer afterall.Whafs more,asking questionsis theeasiestwayto promoteactivelearning.The answerswill leadyou

7.to furtherlearning,andthevery actof workingout questionswillhelp youto achievea higherlevel ofunderstanding.Active learnersattempt

8.to findfindthe truthattheheart ofeach idea.Try tofind outthe sourceofan idea,

9.andyouwillincreaseyourchanceof learningsomething.In addition,active learnersdo notjudgepeople10,based baseon firstimpressions orpersonal feelings.We needntassume thatsomepeople arealways rightbecauseofwho theyare orjust becausetheyareyour friends.Task4写作特色品鉴Read thepassage carefullyand find outthesentences thatare usedtomakesuggestions.LIf you皆nd yourinnervoicedif仔cult tocontroL youcan arsinewith itas mostactive learnersdo.2・When yourinnervoicetells youa speaker/writer iswron工think aboutwhy thespeaker/writer mayberi[ht・3,Be flexibleinyouropinions andyoumightend upagreeingwiththespeaker/writer afterall,

4.1n short:Do notstop beinecurious.5・If youtry to行ndoutthe sourceof anidea,no matterhow crazyit seems,youwillincrease yourchanceof learninqsomethin公Task5思维品质升华

1.How canwe becomeactive learners（Critical Thinking批判性思维）In ordertbe anactive learneiyweshould doas foHows:Listen totheoutervoice;Arque withour innervoice;Ask questioiis;Get tothe truth;Fociis on the message.（

①The startof anew yearisagood timetoreflecton themany achievementsofthepast.

②She couldsee herface reflectedreflect inthe water.

③This filmisareal reflectionreflect ofthe livingconditions ofpeople inthe westernregion.

④She decidedon reHectionto accepthis offerafterall.经过审慎的思考,她决定还是接受他的提议

⑤His lifephilosophy andhis aspirationare reflectedinhisworks.他的生活哲学和抱负都反映在他的作品中

2.argue近.争论，争吵反辩论，证明;说理（读后续写之心理活动）If onlyDad andthe twinswere asgood atdoing theirchores asthey wereatarguing aboutthem,life wouldbe easier.要是爸爸和双胞胎能像他们争吵一样擅长做家务，生活就容易多了（应用文之道歉信）1am writingto expressmy regretattheunpleasant argumentbetween usyesterday我写信是为了对昨天我们之间不愉快的争吵表示歉意【核心归纳】argue that...主张/认为largue withsb.about/over sth.就某事与某人争论argue for/against...为赞成/反对……而辩论argue sb.into doingsth.说服某人做某事argue sb.out ofdoingsth.说服某人不做某事2argument儿争论，辩论;论据，论点理由sth.争论某事have anargume与某人争论beyond argument无可争辩【即学活用】单句语法填空/完成句子

①What Imgoing totry todo inthis classis arguefor thoseviews.

②Theyre alwaysarguinz arguewiththeir parentsabout money.

③Ive madethis argumentargue,and nota fewpeople woulddisagree withme.

④2021・|匕京高考The mentalhealth benefitsfrom musiccant bearguedargue.

⑤He wasupset becausehis motherargued againsthis choice.他感到沮丧，因为他的母亲反对他的选择

⑥It isbeyond argumentthat thereare stillmillions ofpeople leadinga hardlife withhunger andcoldness.无可争辩的是仍有数百万人在饥饿和寒冷中艰难生活【补偿训练】汉译英一些人认为应该更多地关注学生的心理健康Some arquedthat moreattention shouldbe paidtothestudents mentalhealth.

3.assume以认为;假定，假设（应用文之建议信）Do notassume thestorm haspassed andgo outeven ifthe windstops.不要以为暴风雨已经过去,即使风停了也不要出门读后续写之动作描写A bitlater,they spottedwhat they,too,assumed wasa dogrunning alongsidea manona bike,过了一会儿，他们看到了这样的情景他们也认为是一只狗在骑自行车的人旁边跑【核心归纳】假定/假设某人/某事为lassume sb./sth.to beIt is assumedthat...人们认为……assuming that...假设/假定……2assumption儿假定，假设make anassumption认为;假定on theassumption that...假定……;在假定……的情况下【知识延伸】在英语中，有些看上去是现在分词或过去分词的词，实际上却常用作介词或连词与assuming类似的词还有Dconsidering prep.鉴于,考虑到

②givenprep.鉴于，考虑到%p.包括，包含©includingco灯.假设，假如©supposing切」身如，如果©provided/providing©concerning pre”.关于【即学活用】单句语法填空/完成句子

①My immediatereaction wasto assumeassumeIwas listeningto someoneelses recording.©Scientists workedontheassumptionassume thatCholera wasspread bythe germs.

③Assumin口thatwecant getthe necessaryequipment forthe labbytheend ofthis month,we willhaveto giveup theexperiment.假如我们在这个月底前弄不到实验室所需的设备,我们就得放弃实验了

④His viewsare groundedontheassumption thatall peopleare equal.他的观点建立在人人平等的假设之上

⑤Itis assumedthata studentsdailylifeisasimportant ashis learningexperience.人们认为一个学生的日常生活和他的学习经验一样重要【补偿训练】句型转换People assumethat whatthey dohas littleeffect onthe environment.用it作形式主语改写句子一It isassumedthat whatpeople dohas littleeffect ontheenvironment.