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英语的定语从句总结英语的定语从句总结「篇一」定语从句做题三步法
1.找出先行词
2.看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能
3.选择合适的关系词缺成分,用代词;不缺成分,用副词关系副词的选择where表地点具体+抽象when表时间why表原因让我们一起来看一下定语从句的经典歌曲Nothing toLose一无所有-MLTRThere aretimes youmake melaugh whenThere are momentsyou driveme madwhenThereareseconds Isee thelight whenwhere,when,why,how等关系词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的某个成分
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
1、由who,whom,that,Whose引导的从句这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,who作主语指人,whom作宾语指人,that既可作主语又可作宾语作宾语可以省略,可以指人也可以指物Whose用来指人或物,只用作定语1Is hethe manwho/that wantsto seeyou他是那个想见你的男人吗?who/that在从句中作主语2He isthe manwhom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人whom/that在从句中作宾语3The manwhom youspoke tojust nowis ourEnglish teacher你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师4he manwhose sonis adoctor is our professor.那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授
2、由which,that引导的从句它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,作宾语时可以省略,例如5Prosperity which/that hadnever beenseen beforeappears in thecountryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣which/that在从句中作主语6The packagewhich/that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿那个包裹快要散开了(which/that在从句中作宾语)注意:代表物时多用which,但在下列情况中用that而不用which a)先行词是anything,everything,nothing,none等不定代词时;b)先行词由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时,这时的that常被省略;c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;d)先行词中既有人又有物时;e)整个句中前面已有which,who,that时;f)当先行词为物并作表语时;g)先行词为one时;h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时;
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用I stillremember the daywhen I first came to the schoolo2^where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语Shanghai isthe citywhere I was borno
3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语,用在reason后面Please tell常见考法对于定语从句的考查,多以单选的形式考查学生灵活运用的能力一般情况下,常从关系词的‘意义和功能的角度考查,重点是that,which,who引导的定语从句典型例题Youre the only personIve ever met coulddoitoA.who B.whom C.whom D.who解析先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为,whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who coulddo it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略答案D误区提醒当表示时间或地点的名词作先行词时,要判断出它们在从句中作状语还是主语或宾语作状语时用关系副词,反之用关系代词典型例题I cannever forget the daywe workedtogether and the daywe spenttogetherA.when;which B.which;when C.what;that D.on which;when解析.两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句答案A英语的定语从句总结「篇四」
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
1、由who,whom,that,Whose引导的从句这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,who作主语指人,whom作宾语指人,that既可作主语又可作宾语作宾语可以省略,可以指人也可以指物Whose用来指人或物,只用作定语1Is hethe manwho/that wantsto seeyou他是那个想见你的男人吗?who/that在从句中作主语2He isthe manwhom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人whom/that在从句中作宾语3The manwhom youspoke tojust nowisourEnglish teacher你刚冈说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师4he manwhose sonis adoctor isour professor.那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授
2、由which,that引导的从句它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,作宾语时可以省略,例如5Prosperity which/that hadnever beenseen beforeappears in thecountryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣which/that在从句中作主语6The package(which/that)you arecarrying is about tocome unwrapped.你拿那个包裹快要散开了(which/that在从句中作宾语)注意:代表物时多用which,但在下列情况中用that而不用which a)先行词是anything,everything,nothing,none等不定代词时;b)先行词由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时,这时的that常被省略;c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;d)先行词中既有人又有物时;e)整个句中前面已有which,who,that时;f)当先行词为物并作表语时;g)先行词为one时;h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时;
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用I stillremember the daywhen Ifirst cameto theschoolo2^where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语Shanghai isthe citywhere Iwas borno
3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语,用在reason后面Please tell常见考法对于定语从句的考查,多以单选的形式考查学生灵活运用的能力一般情况下,常从关系词的意义和功能的角度考查,重点是that,which,who引导的定语从句典型例题Youre theonly personIve evermet coulddo itoA.who B.whom C.whom D.who解析先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为,whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who coulddo it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略答案D误区提醒当表示时间或地点的名词作先行词时,要判断出它们在从句中作状语还是主语或宾语作状语时用关系副词,反之用关系代词典型例题I cannever forgetthe daywe workedtogether andthedaywe spenttogetherA.when;which B.which;when C.what;that D.on which;when解析.两个先行词theday都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句答案A英语的定语从句总结「篇五」
(一)定语从句的结构在复合句中,修饰某个名词或代词的句子(做这个名词或代词的定语)叫定语从句,定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面,被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词,它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接,这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词(关系代词或关系副词that,which,who,whose,when,where,why)先行词在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,时间,地点,原因状语o结构先行词+关系词+定语从句
1.There she saw awall ofwater that was quicklyadvancing towardsher
02.In Japan,someone whosees anotherperson makingthe gesturewill think itmeans moneyo
3.A themepark is a collectionof rides,exhibitions orother attractionsthatare basedon acommon themeo
4.The parkhas aconservation centerthat helpsprotect marineanimals andtheirhabitats in the riversand coastalwaters ofAsia
5.Visitors cango onexciting rideswhere theycan feelwhat it is liketodo thethings theyhave seentheir heroesdo inthe movie
6.Oprah Winfreyis ablack womanwhose riseto fameis aninspiring storyo
(二)定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句限定性定语从句从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明,缺少它,则句义显得不完整,从句与先行词紧密相连非限定性定语从句对先行词进行补充说明,解释,它与先行词之间有逗号隔开
1.Before shecould move,she hearda loudnoise,which grewto aterrible roar
2.Tree aftertree wentdown,cut downby thewater,which musthave beenthreemeters deep
3.Flora,whose beautifulhair anddress wereall coldand wet,started cryingo
4.Their talkincludes rhythmand rhymingwords aswell astongue twisters,which oftenmake theaudience applaud
(三)关系词前面可以根据定语从句的内容加上一些介词,这些关系词在介词后面常用which或whom
1.There was a man with whom I would have towork togetherand finallythe managerof the companyo
2.Many peoplewho sawthe filmwere afraidto swiminthesea whentheyremembered thescenes in which peoplewere eatenby thesharko知识重点与难点
(一)当先行词有最高级,序数词修饰,是不定代词,或是all,no,only等形式时,关系代词一般用that,而不能用which
1.The Titanicwas thelargest shipthat hadever beenbuilt atthat timeo
2.There isone thingthat keepsworrying me
(二)当先行词是表示时间,地点,原因的词时,关系词用when,where,why还有which,that
1.rmvery gladto returnto my hometown whereI hadlived for10yearso
2.This is myhometownwhich Iused totalk aboutto you
3.I thinkI canunderstand the reason why he didn,t tellthe truthto me
4.No onebelieves the reason thathe gaveus abouthis absenceat the meetingo
(三)定语从句的简化表达
1.The manwho is sitting on the platformis aprofessor fromWuhan Universityo
2.The letterthat wasmailed lastnight willreach himtomorrowo
3.The questionthat isbeing discussedis veryimportanto
4.You arewelcome to a partyto begiven in our classat7:45说明以上的定语从句部分可以用更加简单的非谓语形式表达出来
1.The mansitting onthe platformisaprofessor fromWuhan Universityo
2.The lettermailed lastnight wi11reach himtomorrowo
3.The questionbeing discussedis veryimportanto
4.You arewelcome to a partyto begiven in our classat7:45O说明修饰一个名词除了后面用定语从句以外,还可以用非谓语动词形式doing短语,done短语,being done短语,to bedone短语修饰其结构和意思如下
1.被修饰名词+doing短语正在做的人/正在发生的事
2.被修饰名词+done短语被的人/事
3.被修饰名词+being done短语正在被的人/事
4.被修饰名词+to bedone短语将要被的人/事1Do youknow the man talkingto mysister2The〃crazy〃gesture,moving theindex fingerin acircle in front of theear,means youhave aphone callin Brazilo3Did yousee thatcar beingrepaired4In acamera,the lensmust befocused onthe objectto bephotographedThough manytimes youmade mecry thator/There ssomething______you dontunderstand thator/I wantto beyour manNothingto loseyour loveto winHopingso badthat you11let meinr mat yourfeetWaiting foryour vegot timeand nothingto lose特殊情况们不能用that特殊情况
1.介词+which/whom介词后1/指物which,指人whom2/介词选择1定语从句中动词和什么介词搭配2先行词常和什么介词搭配*固定短语,不能将介词与动词分开*介词在关系代词之前,关系代词不可省略5The studentsto attendthe meetingwill arrivehere tomorrowo6Goods importedfrom abroadare notalways betterthan thosemade inChinao7The YellowRiver,said to be themother riverruns acrossChina likea hugedragono总结以上做定语的那些短语就是英语语法中所说的分词,不定式的各种形式作定语
1.这些短语作定语应放在被修饰名词的后面如果单独一个V-ing或V-ed形式作定语,则可以放在被修饰名词前面
2.分词作定语时,其动作应与全句动作同时发生V-ing表示主动意义和正在做,v-ed表示被动意义being done表示正在被做的
3.不定式作定语表示将要发生的,tobedone表示将要被做的英语的定语从句总结「篇六」高考英语陷阱题总结归纳一定语从句典型陷阱题分析♦♦
1.The factorywas built in asecret place,around highmountainsoA.which was B.it wasC.which wereD.them were【陷阱】容易误选A或B,将A、B中的which和it误认为是其后句子的主语【分析】最佳答案是C,around which were high mountains是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句,而在该从句中,主语是highmountains,aroundwhich是表语,所以句子谓语应用复数were,而不是用单数was.请做以下类例题目答案均为C1Yesterday wevisited amodern hospital,around somefruit shopsoA.which isB.it is C.which areD.them are2The murderhappened in an oldbuilding,beside the city policestatiorioA.which areB.it isC.which isD.them are3Next monthwe11move to a newbuilding,next to a nicerestaurantswhere wecan haveChinese foodoA.which areB.itisC.which isD.them are
2.A manwith ableeding handhurried inand asked,“Is therea hospitalaroundI can get somemedicine formy woundedhand”A.that B.which C.where D.what【陷阱】容易误选B,认为around是介词,选which用以代替前面的名词hospital,在此用作介词around的宾语【分析】最佳答案为C以上语法分析并不算错,但问题是,照此分析,此句的意思即为有没有这样一个医院,我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤?这样的语境显然有点不合情理,因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤,而不是在医院附近治伤此题选C的理由是句中的around不是介词,而是副词,意为“在附近”;其后的where引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital,句意为附近有没有一家医院,我可以去治我的手伤?
3.is knownto everybody,the moon travels round the earth once everymonth□A.It B.As C.That D.What【陷阱】容易误选A,认为此处应填一个形式主语【分析】最佳答案是Bo as引导的是一个非限制性定语从句比较下面一题is knownto everybodythat themoontravelsroundtheearthonceevery monthoA.It B.As C.That D.What此题答案选A,it为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that从句再比较下面一组题,其中第
(1)题选B,第
(2)题选D
(1)is mentionedabove,the numberofthe students insenior schoolisincreasingoA.Which B.As C.That D.It
(2)is mentionedabove that the numberofthestudents inseniorschool isincreasingoA.Which B.As C.That D.It
4.David is such a good boy all the teachers likeA.that B.who C.as D.whom【陷阱】此题容易误选A,许多同学一看到题干中的such,再联系到选项中的that,便认为这是考查such that句式况且,这样理解意思也还通顺【分析】最佳答案为C,不是A,因为在such that(如此以至)结构中,that引导的是结果状语从句,并且that在从句中不充当句子成分,若在上句填入suchthat,句末的动词like缺宾语选C的理由如下as用作关系代词,用以引导定语从句,修饰其前的名词boy,同时as在定语从句中用作动词like的宾语,句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”有的同学可能还会问,假若选A,能否将其后的that视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢?不能,因为当先行词受到such的修饰时,其后的定语从句应用关系代词as来引导,而不用that.比较下面一题,答案为A,因为like后有自己的宾语him Davidissucha goodboyallthe teacherslike himA.that B.who C.as D.whom请再做以下试题(答案选D)It wasnot suchagooddinner she had promisedusA.like B.that C.which D.as
5.The buses,most of were already full,were surroundedby anangry crowdoA.that B.it C.them D.which【陷阱】容易误选C,用them代指the buses【分析】最佳答案是Dmost of whichwerealreadyfull为非限制性定语从句,修饰the buses.类似地,以下各题也选D1His house,for hepaid$10,000,is nowworth$50,000oA.that B.it C.them D.which2Ashdown forest,through we11be driving,isn taforest anylongerA.that B.it C.them D.which3This I did atnine oclock,after Isat readingthe paperoA.that B.it C.them D.which类似地,以下各题选whom,不选them4George,with Iplayed tennison Sundays,was awarmhearted personoA.that B.him C.them D.whom5Her sons,both ofwork abroad,will comeback homethis summeroA.that B.who C.them D.whom6I metthe fruit-pickers,several of were stilluniversity studentSoA.that B.who C.them D.whom
6.He hadthousands ofstudents,many ofgained great success in their own fieldoA.whom B.them C.which D.who【陷阱】容易误选B,用them代指studentSo【分析】最佳答案是A,many of whom gainedgreatsuccessin theirownfield为非限制性定语从句假若在many of的前面加上连词and,则选答案B.比较以下各题答案均选A1He askeda lot of questions,none of was easy toansweroA.which B.them C.what D.that2He askeda lot of questions,and none ofwaseasytoansweroA.them B.which C.what D.that3He toldme thathe hadtwo girl-friends,neither of knew anythingaboutthe otherA.whom B.them C.which D.who4He toldme thathehadtwo girl-friends,and neitherofknew anythingabout theotherA.them B.whom C.which D.who
7.He hada lot of friends,only afew ofinvited tohis weddingoA.whom B.them C.which D.who【陷阱】容易误选A,认为这是非限制性定语从句【分析】最佳答案是B,这不是非限制性定语从句,而是一个独立主格结构,因为空格后的动词invited并不是一个完整的谓语,而是一个过去分词当然,假若在invited前加上助动词were,则是一个非限制性定语从句,答案便应选A.比较1They putforward a lot ofplans at the meeting,none ofcarried out intheir workoA.which B.them C.what D.that答案选B,none of them carried outin their work是独立主格结构,其中的carried out为过去分词2They putforward a lotofplans at the meeting,none ofwere carriedout intheir workoA.which B.them C.what D.that答案选A,none of them werecarriedoutintheirwork是非限制性定语从句,注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were3They putforward a lotofplans at themeeting,but noneofwerecarriedoutintheirworkoA.which B.them C.what D.that答案选B,由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but,使得该句成了一个并列句
8.On Sundaysthere werea lotof childrenplaying inthe park,parents seatedtogether jokingo1their B.whose C.which D.that【陷阱】容易误选B,认为这是非限制性定语从句【分析】最佳答案是A.与上面一题相似,their parentsseated together joking不是非限制性定语从句,而是一个独立主格结构,因为空格后的动词seated不是谓语,而是一个过去分词,因为seat作动词用时,是及物动词比较以下相似题2On Sundaysthere werea lotof childrenplaying inthe park,parentswere seated together jokingoA.their B.whose C.which D.that选B.whose parentswere seatedtogetherjoking为非限制性定语从句,因为其后有完整的谓语were seatedo3On Sundaysthere werea lotof childrenplaying inthe park,and parentswereseatedtogether jokingoA.their B.whose C.which D.that选A.因为句中有并列连词and,整个句子为并列句4On Sundaysthere werealotof childrenplaying inthe park,parentssitting togetherjokingoA.their B.whose C.which D.that选A.their parentssitting togetherjoking为独立主格结构5On Sundaysthere werealotof childrenplaying inthe park,parentssat togetherjokingoA.their B.whose C.which D.that选B.whose parentssat togetherjoking为非限制性定语从句,因为句中有完整的谓语sato6On Sundaysthere werealotof childrenplaying inthe park,parentswere sittingtogetherjokingoA.their B.whose C.which D.that选B.whose parentswere sittingtogetherjoking为非限制性定语从句,因为句中有完整的谓语were sittingo
9.If the man isonly interestedin yourlooks,just showshow shallowhe isoA.as B.which C.what D.that【陷阱】容易误选A或B,误这是非限制性定语从句【分析】正确答案为D,注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句,逗号后是该状语从句的主句,that在此代表前文所述的情况,用作主句的主语类似地,下面几道题也选that,而不选which1If youpromise togo withus,will beOKA.as B.which C.and it D.that2If you want adouble room,will costanother£15A.as B.which C.what D.that3Whether yougo ornot,is quiteall rightwith meoA.that B.which C.and it D.so4When Isay twohours,includes timefor eatingoA.asB.which C.what D.that
10.She says that she11never forgetthe timeshesspent workingas asecretary inourcompanyo
2.,which/who/whom(非限定从)
3.先行词中有that或those(不重复)不能只用that特殊情况
1.不定的东西不定代词(先行词)+that(something/somebody/some/al1)
2.很定的东西修饰词+先行词+that(唯一/the best/the first)
3.人+物(先行词)+that(为了世界和平)
4.which/whothat(不重复)英语的定语从句总结「篇二」一.几个基本概念
1.定语从句的定义用作定语的从句叫定语从句
2.先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词
3.定语从句的位置紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后
4.引导词引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)
(1)关系代词that/who/whom/which/as
(2)关系副词when/where/why
5.引导词的位置位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)【as除外】
6.引导词的功能(作用)
(1)连接先行词和定语从句A.which B.when C.how D.where【陷阱】容易误选B,机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when,地点名词后用关系副词where【分析】正确答案为A.在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分一般说来,若用作主语或宾语,用关系代词;若用作状语,则用关系副词上面一题中的动词spent缺宾语,故应用关系代词which或that.比较下面一题,由于空格后的句子不缺少主语或宾语,所以选关系副词when Shesaysthatshe11never forgetthe timeshe worksasasecretaryinourcompanyoA.which B.when C.how D.where请再做一组试题答案均选A1Our companywill movetoatall buildingwe boughtlast monthoA.which B.when C.how D.where选A,which在定语从句中用作动词bought的宾语2Our companywill movetoatall buildinghas justbeen completeoA.which B.when C.how D.where选A,which在定语从句中用作主语3Our companywill movetoatall buildingwe workedtwoyears ago0A.where B.when C.that D.which选A,where在定语从句中用作状语精编陷阱题训练♦♦
1.All ofthe flowersnow raisedhere havedeveloped fromthose inthe forest0A.once they grew B.they grewonce C.they once grew D.once grew
2._In theoffice Inever seemto havetime untilafter530pm,manypeople havegone homeA.that B.which C.whose timeD.by whichtime
3.Is thisthereasonatthemeeting forhis carelessnessin hisworkA.he explainedB.what heexplained C.how heexplained D.why heexplained
4.Luckily,we dbrought aroad mapwithout wewouldhavelost ourwayoA.it B.that C.this D.which
5.When he was workingthere hecaught a serious illnessfrom effortshe stillsuffersoA.which B.that C.whose D.what
6.It ssaid thatheslooking fora newjob,one he cangetmore moneytosupport hisfamilyA.when B.where C.that D.which
7.We areliving inan agemany thingsare doneon computerA.which B.that C.whose D.when
8.The little time we have togetherwe11try wiselyA.spending itB.to spendit C.to spendD.spending that
9.The oldbuilding,behind wasa famouschurch,was weused toworkA.that,the placeB.it,the placeC.which,where D.what,where
10.We willbe shownaround thecityschools,museums,and someother places,other visitorsseldom goA.what B.which C.where D.when
11.The modernhistory ofItaly datesfrom1860,the countrybecame unitedoA.when B.if C.since D.until
12.All ofthe flowersnow raisedhere havedeveloped fromthosein the forest0A.once theygrew B.theygrewonce C.that oncegrew D.oncegrew
13.You couldsee therunners verywell fromwe stoodoA.which B.where C.that D.when
14.Recently Ibought anancient Chinesevase,was veryreasonableoA.which priceB.the price of which C.its priceD.the priceof whose
15.What haveyou gotwill help a coldA.what B.that C.itD.who
16.He was very angryand I can stillremember the way hespoke tome0A.how B.that C.what D.which
17.Do youknow the man fromhouse thepictures werestolenA.which B.that C.what D.whose
18.Icanthink ofmany casesstudents obviouslyknewalotof Englishwords andexpressions butcouldn twrite agood essayA.why B.which C.as D.where
19.Is thisall that you needIf youmarried me,I dgive youeverything youA.want B.wanted C.had wantedD.are wanting
20.I mettheteacherinthestreet yesterdaytaught meEnglish threeyearsagoA.which B.when C.where D.who
21.He sgot himselfinto a dangerous situationhe islikely tolose controloverthe planeoA.where B.which C.while D.why
22.He madeanother wonderfuldiscovery,of greatimportance toscienceoA.which I think isB.which I think itisC.which I thinkitD.Ithinkis
23.Dorothy wasalways speakinghighly ofher roleintheplay,of course,made theothers unhappyoA.who B.which C.this D.what
24.Their problemtoday is somewhat similarto theyfaced manyyears agoA.that B.which C.that which D.it
25.Isawsome treesthe leavesofwereblack withdiseaseA.that B.whichC.itD.what
26.The famousbasketballer,tried tomake acomeback,attracted alot ofattentionoA.where B.when C.which D.who
27.When theywent intothe shopand askedto lookattheengagement rings,the girlbrought outa cheaperone,she hadarranged withJanies oA.the which was whatB.what wasthat C.which waswhat D.that wasthat答案与解析♦♦
1.选C.先行词是those,可视为those flowers之省略they oncegrew前省略了关系代词Which.全句意为这儿所养的花是由他们曾在森林里种植的花培养出来的
2.选D.by whichtime引出的是一个非限制性定语从句,其中by whichtime相当于and bythat time
3.选A.注意不能选D,因为动词explained缺宾语
4.选D.which指the roadmap
5.选C from whose effortshe stillsuffers为彳修饰aseriousillness・的定语从句,whose在定语从句中用作定语,修饰effortSo
6.选B.where引导定语从句修饰one.注one在此指a newjob.类似地,下面一题的答案是C,因为one that相当于a problemthat Theproblem ishas causedus alotoftroubleA.one B.thatC.one thatD.that one
7.选D.先行词是表时间的age(时代),由于关系词在定语从句中作状语,故用wherio
8.选C.该句的正常词序为We willtry tospend thelittletimewehavetogetherwisely
9.选C.第一空填which,指the oldbuilding;第二空填where,用以引导表语从句
10.选C.先行词是地点名词places,由于关系词在定语从句中作状语,故用whereo
11.选A.when引导的是非限制性定语从句
12.选C.that oncegrew intheforest为修饰those的定语从句
13.选B.where在此相当于the placewhereo
14.选B.the priceof whichwasveryreasonable为非限制性定语从句,其中的the priceof which相当于and itsprice或andthepriceofit.彳段若空格前有并列连词and,则可选Co
15.选B.that wi11help a cold为修饰what的定语从句比较Have yougotanything that will helpacold以及I vegot nothingthatwillhelpacoldo
16.选B.the way后不接how引导的从句,换句说,how不是关系代词或关系副词,不能引导定语从句以theway为先行词的定语从句通常用that或in which来引导,在非正式文体中也可省略that和in whicho
17.选D.fromwhosehouse thepictures werestolen为修饰the man的定语从句,whose在定语从句中用作定语,修饰house
18.选D.先行词是many cases,关系副词where=in whicho
19.选A.尽管句中用了if youmarried me,Idgive youeverything这样的虚拟语气句子,但修饰everything的定语从句(that)you want却要用陈述语语气,因为它是回答前面Is thisall thatyou need这一提问的
20.选D.因定语从句缺主语,且关系代词指人,故选D
21.选A.where所引导的为修饰adangeroussituation的定语从句
22.选A.选项中的Ithink是插入语,若略去不看便可清楚地看出答案
23.选B.of course为插入语,若将项其去掉,则答案显然是B
24.选C.that which相当于the problemwhicho
25.选B.the leavesof which相当于whose leaveso
26.选D.先行词是The famousbasketbailer(著名的篮球明星),故要用who来引导定语从句,因为其余三项均不用于指人
27.选C.which引导一个非限制性定语从句,其中which指代a cheaperone,且在定语从句中用作主语whichwaswhat中的what引导一个表语从句,它相当于theone thato责任编辑李芳芳英语的定语从句总结「篇七」定语从句Attributive clauses在句中修饰名词或代词的从句,因其修饰作用相当于形容词,故称形容词性从句,即通常所说的定语从句被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词引导定语从句的有1关系代词先行词为人who,whom,that,whose先行词为物which,that,whose2关系副词when,where,why注意关系词起三个作用
①连接先行词和定语从句
②替代先行词
③在从句中担任成分what不能引导定语从句定语从句一般紧跟在先行词后,但有时也被一个短语隔开例如Iwastheonlyperson in my officewho wasinvitedoI.关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的.名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致定语从句的构成先行词+关系词+从句主格Who/that Which/that宾格Whom/that/who Which/that定语whose Whose:of which
(1)who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语关系代词充当宾语可以省略例如Is hethe manwho/that wantsto seeyou他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He isthe man(whom/that)Isawyesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
(2)whose用来指人或物,在定语从句中作定语例如Please passme thebook whosecover isred.(指物)The lawyerwhose nameis WangJin livesin Nanjing.(指人)
(3)which,that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可做主语、宾语等例如Great changeswhich/that havenever beenseen beforeappears inthecountryside(which/that在句中作主语)The package(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.你拿的包快散了(which/that在句中作宾语)关系副词when,where,why在从句中充当状语,分别可表时间、地点或原因2在定语从句中充当一定的成分关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语
7.定语从句的类型1限定性定语从句主句和定语从句之间无逗号
①直接由引导词引导定语从句The manwho you,re talkingto is my friendo
②由介词+关系代词whom/which引导The manto whomyou retalking ismy friendoIneed apen withwhich Ican writea letter=1need apiece ofpaper on which Ican writea letter介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定,该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在从句之尾例如The manwho/whom/that I talked aboutatthemeeting isfrom BeijingUniversity=The manabout whomItalkedatthemeeting isfrom BeijingUniversityoThe palacewhich/that I often pay a visitto wasbuilt inthe17th centuryoIwill neverforgettheday whenIfirstcametoBeijingThis isthe housewhere LuXun oncelivedoI know thereasonwhyhecame late疑问句中考查定语从句英语的定语从句总结「篇八」
1.Is thisthe farmyou visitedlast weekA.where B.the oneC.on whichD./【解析】答案是D命题人经常利用疑问句的特殊结构来干扰学生的正确选择遇到这类定语从句时,最好的办法是先把疑问句还原成陈述句,然后判断谁是先行词,再看关系词在定语从句中所充当的成分,最后确定正确答案
二、倒装句中考查定语从句
2.We cametoaplace,stood abig toweroA.which B.that C./D.where【解析】正确答案是及为了保持句子平衡,句子用了倒装语序倒装的使用使定语从句的.结构变得较为特殊,因此对于使用倒装语序的定语从句,应先把倒装语序还原成正常语序,这样句子结构就比较清晰了
三、拆分词组和固定搭配
3.The secondis connectedwith theuse thebody makesoffoodoA.of which B.where C.to doD.that
4.Why can,tyourealize thepart theyhave playedinourlifeA.whichB.on whichC.when D.where【解析】正确答案分别是D和A一些词组和搭配被拆开后,句子的含义就变得难以理解首先把拆开的词组复原是理解此类定语从句的关键上述句子中包含以下词组make useof,play apart in
四、添加插入语或状语
5.The scientisthas madeanother discovery,I believeis ofgreatimportanceA.that B./C.whichD.why【解析】应选择C这类句子主要利用插入语或状语的添加来增加试题的难度常见的插入语有Ithinksuppose,expect,believe,imagine,inmyopinion,to tellyou thetruth等做这类题目时,最佳的办法是先删去插入语或状语,这样句子的主干部分就一目了然了
6.Is thisthemanyouwantto have
五、插入非谓语动词the radio for meA.who;repaired B.that;repairedC.whom;repairing D.that;repair【解析】D项正确非谓语动词是英语中难度较大的语法项目之一,因而在定语从句中加入非谓语动词就成了学生最易失分的题目对付这类题目最有效的办法就是将句子还原如我们可以把几个句子中的定语从句进行还原,还原后的句子应是You wantto havethemanrepair theradioforme二The palaceto whichIoftenpayavisit wasbuiltinthe17th centuryo2非限定性定语从句主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开
①直接由引导词引导定语从句2由介词+关系代词whom/which引导I liveinahouse faraway fromthecity,infrontof which isabig treeoThereis anapple treestanding atthe gate,onwhichare manyapplesoThis isthemanto whomI gavethe booko3由“代词/名词+of+whom/which”或“of which/whom+名词/代词”先行词指人用whom,指物用which引导One,some,any,none,all,both,several,many,most,neither,either等词、数词、分数或百分比与ofwhom或of which连用He hasfive children,two ofwhom are abroado比较He hasfive children,and twoofthemareabroad.We havethree books,noneof whichis/are interestingo比较We havethree books,but noneofthemis/are interesting.除why和that不能引导非限定性定语从句外,其余引导词都可以,用法同限定性定语从句一样但要注意以下区别
1.在形式上非限定性定语从句与主句有逗号隔开
2.非限定性定语从句的作用它只是补充说明先行词的情况,翻译时可译成两个句子The engineer,whose legwas badlyhurt,was quickly sent to hospitalo(那位工程师被很快送往医院,其腿部受了重伤)The engineerwhose legwas badlyhurt wasquicklysenttohospitalo(那位腿部受了重伤的工程师被很快送往医院)
3.在非限定性定语从句中,任何引导词都不能省略(包括引导词在此定语从句中充当宾语在内)指人做主语时只能用who,做宾语时用whom;指物做主语,宾语都用which;关系副词用when或where,也不能省略The man,issittingonthechair,ismyfatherThe woman,I metyesterday,ismyEnglish teacherThecity,is faraway,is verybeautifulHe wentto America,his parentsliveHe joinedthe Armyyesterday,I left,too
4.whose引导非限定性定语从句The house,whose windowfaces south,is mine二The house,the windowof whichfaces south,is mine=The house,of whichthe windowfaces south,is mineo二.定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的基本用法Lwho/that指人是主格在定语从句中代替先行词,又作定语从句的主语,不能省略Do youknow thegentleman who/that issitting there
2.whom/who/that指人是宾格,在定语从句中代替先行词,又作定语从句的宾语(动宾或介宾)
①当作动宾(动词后接宾语)时,关系代词可省略Do youknowthegentleman(whom/who/that)we metjust now
②当作介宾(介词后接宾语)时介词不提前时,关系代词可省略;介词提前时,关系代词不可省,即介词+whom(指人时介词后的关系代词只能用whom)oThe man(whom/who/that)I spokewith ismy teacherThemanwithwhomIspoke ismy teacher※注固定的动词短语(动词+介词)如look for,take careof等不能把动词与介词拆开,既介词不能提至引导词前She isthe rightgirl who/whom/that weare lookingforo
3.whose:指人或物,是所有格“的”形式Whose+n.一起在定语从句中充当主语、宾语(动宾或介宾)即先行词的什么东西怎样了,whose不能省略Whose+n.=the+n+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whom+the二n・I didnt findthe deskwhose legwas broken.(主语)He isthestudentwhose pencilI brokeyesterday.(动宾)The bossin whosecompany Iwork isvery kind.(介宾)
4.which/that指物,指代先行词且在定语从句中作主语或宾语(动宾或介宾)
①当作动宾时,关系代词可省略
②当作介宾时介词不提前时,关系代词可省略;介词提前时,关系代词不可省,即介词+which(指物时介词后的关系代词只能用which)oThe housewhich/thatwasdestroyed inthe earthquakeis weakoThepen(which/that)you foundyesterday ismineThe games(that/which)the youngmen competedin were difficultoThe gamesinwhichthe youngmen competedweredifficult※注:介词+关系代词即介词+whom/which(先行词指人用whom,指物用whichoX
5.as指人或物,在定语从句中可作主语,宾语,表语或状语,不能省略主要用于the same assuch assoasas asasfollowsv固定结构中,形式固定此时的引导限定性定语从句要用as代替who m,which,或that引导定语从句Such peopleas knewHill thoughthe washonestoSuch peopleas Hillknew thoughthewashonestoMy hometownis nolonger the sameasit wasoHereissobig astone asno onecan liftThechild knowsas muchas grow-ups knowoId liketo havethesamebooks asare usedin yourschooloHe isnot sucha personas IexpectedoHe willmarry aspretty agirl ashecanfind英语的定语从句总结「篇三」英语定语从句的总结初中英语知识点总结定语从句形容词,在句中作定语被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose等,绝对没有what;关系副词有。