还剩16页未读,继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
文本内容:
成考专升本英语词汇与语法部分()1第一节名词()null大纲规定掌握
一、可数名词与不可数名词
二、可数名词的复数形式
三、名词的所有格
四、名词在句子中的作用
一、可数名词与不可数名词名词分可数与不可数两种可数名词表达某类人或东西中日勺个体如table,country.或表达若干个体构成的集合体如I family,people,committee,police.不可数名词表达无法分为个体的实物如1air,tea,furniture,water.或表达动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念如work,information,advice,happiness.有些名词在一种场所下是可数名词,在另一种场所下是不可数名词如房间(可数),空间(不可数)room时间(不可数),次数(可数)time答案B
12.A.th.bu.sto.wer..soldie.a n.tw.youn.peopl.o.thei.wa.t.Nort.Carolina.主语为复数a soldierand twoyoung people答案A
13.Ther..th.las.piec.o.cak.an.th.las.spoonfu.o.ic.cream.A.goe.B.g.C.gon.D.wa.gone主语复数the lastpiece ofcake andthe lastspoonful ofice cream答案B
14.Mr.Brown.an.no....chose,t.b,th.representativ.o.th.class.主语Mr.Brown答案A
15.Th.teacher.a.wel.a..numbe.o.students..t.atten.th.party.谓语动词与前面的名词一致as wellas答案C
16.Th.hostes.togethe.wit.th.guest.o.hono..comfortabl J.th.livin.room.谓语与前口勺名词一致together with就坐be seatedPleasebe seatedladies andgentlmen.Seat theboy nextto hisbrother.答案A
19.Th.tota.amoun.o.mone..
10.dollars.不可数名词,谓语动词单数money答案A
20.Grea.quantitie.o.fis..o.hig.seas.A.i.caug h.B.a r.caugh.C.catc.D.i.catching复数形式quantities答案B
21.Eithe.o.th.youn.ladie..perfectl.qualifie.t.teac.Gree.an.Latin.打头,谓语动词单数either答案A
22.Ha vin.studie.you.repor.carefully.,a.con vince.tha.neithe.o.you.solution..cor rect.两者都不,谓语动词单数neither答案B
23.
1.som.countrie.eac.o.th.citizen..t.decid.govern men.policies.A.help.B.hel.C.ar.helpe.D.i.helped每一种,谓语动词单数each答案A
24.Th.nurs.added.t.th.medcin.t.mak.th.eas.fo.th.chil.t.take.不可数名词suger答案A吃药take medcine
25.“.lik.you,furnitur,ver.much.”Than.you.W.bough.・i.Beijing.”不可数名词furniture答案D鱼(不可数),多种各样日勺鱼(可数)fish比较下列例句(房间,可数名词)Ther.ar.nin.room.i.th.house.(空间,不可数名词)Ther.isn.enoug.roo.fo.u.thre.i.th.ca..不可数名词勺数量可以通过在其前面加单位词来表达H如一块肉a pieceof meat两条长面包two loavesof bread三件家俱three articlesof furniture一大笔钱a largesum ofmoney
二、可数名词的复数形式可数名词有单数和复数两种形式名词复数日勺构成如下一般状况下在名词后加.如L-s girls,books.★浊辅音、元音结尾,发s[z].以结尾的词在名词后加.如2s,x,ch,sh-es glasses,boxes,matches,bushes.★以结尾,发s,x,ch,sh es[iz]“辅音字母结尾勺词,变为再加,如
3.+y”H yi-es city-cities,country-countries..以结尾勺词多数加,如4o H-es heroes,tomatoes,potatoes.例夕卜radios,zoos,photos,pianos,kilos结尾欧词,多数变为再加,如
5.f,fe If,fe v-es thief-thieves,leaf-leaves,half-halves,life-lives,wife-wives,knife-knives.少数名词有不规则勺复数形式如H man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,child-children,mouse-mice.★可数名词复数一般状况下考不规则复数形式个别名词勺单数和复数的形式是同样勺如H HChineses,Japanese,sheep,deer.
三、名词的所有格名词的所有格表达所属关系,起形容词的作用当名词表达有生命勺东西时所有格一般是在词尾加七.H如Jeans room,my daughter-in-laws friends,my daughters-in-laws friends,c hildrensbooks.假如名词已经有了复数词尾则只需加.如s,the teachersbooks,my parents*car.时间名词区所有格在背面加复数加,如J s,todays newspaper,five minuteswalk.当名词表达无生命日勺东西时,所有格常由短语构成“of”如the topof theworld,the coverof thebook,Chinas capital.加七或‘日勺名词所有格可以表达店铺或某人的家如the grocers,the tailors,the Smiths.★名词所有格考试常见部分是名词表达没有生命的东西时,不能直接在其后加七.时间名词所有格在其后加七,或复数名词后直接加
二四、名词在句子中的作用主语是可数名词单数时,谓语动词用单数形式;主语是复数时,谓语动词用复数形式L(条条大路通罗马)All roadslead toRome.His brotheris anindustrial engineer.The numberof the students attendingthe partyis increasing.表达数量,无论背面名词是复数还是单数,谓语动词是单数形式★the numberofTwo-thirds ofthe shopbelongs tome.三分之二★two-thirds几分之几作主语,谓语是单数形式Both ofus arestudying English.★总结在名词作主语时,谓语动词单数形式;the numberof几分之几,谓语单数形式;谓语使用复数形式both.主语是不可数名词、不定式或动名词词组、从句时,谓语动词用单数形式2All the money hereceived wasgiven tohis mother.Forgetting thepast meansbetrayal.What weare talkingnow isuseless..主语部分若有等短语,谓语动词区单、复数与3as wellas,with,together with,like,but,except I短语前面口勺名词一致Mary,as wellas hertwo sisters,is astudent ofthis school.(作主语欧|主语补足语,主语是单数,因此谓语动词用单数as wellas hertwo sistersMary Mary形式)No oneexcept myfriends knowsanything aboutit.,表达时间、距离、重量、价值等的复数名词作主语时,假如当作整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式4J“…+(X)…二…”算式中日勺谓语动词也用单数形式Three timestwo issix.Thre.kilometer.
1.3,oo.metres.(th「e.kilometers作为整体来看)作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式
5.Either,neitherNeither ofus hasbeen toItaly.Has eitherof thembeen toShanghai代表可数的人或东西时谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数,代表不可数日勺东西时:谓语动词none用单数形式None ofthestudentshave/has seenthe film.None ofthemoneybelongs tome..主语由连接时谓语形式由最邻近的主语决定6either…or,neither…nor,not only…but alsoNotonly youbut alsoI amwrong.Neither myaunt norI amgoing outthis afternoon.Either youor sheis todo thework..主语中有假如表达单一概念,谓语动词用单数7and,The breadand butteris nice..主语前有修饰时,谓语动词用单数形式8many a,more than oneMany abook hasbeen readby thestudents.★many abook=many booksMorethanoneperson hasbeen tothe GreatWall..集合名词作主语,当作整体看待时,谓语动词用单数形式,当作每个独立勺个体看待时,谓语动9H词用复数(作为整体)Th.committe.meet.one..year.(作为独立个体)Th.committe.ar.havin..meetin.now.作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式People,policeThe policehave cometo arresthim.名词部分考试重点工•可数名词与不可数名词里,哪几种词是不可数名词.可数名词复数形式重点掌握不规则形式,单、复数相似的名词
2、名词所有格重点掌握时间名词所有格在其后加复数加3S,、名词在句中的作用,重点掌握刚刚的点49考点测试
1.Te.day..Ion.enoug.fo.M r.Ca rte.t.finis,hi.desig n.H.doesn.nee.an.more.作为一种整体看待,谓语用单数形式(注意时态)ten days答案A
2.Now.man.peopl.us.th.wor.M.instea.o.M is.o.Mrs.fo.example,befor.th.name.o.i.busines.letters.A.woma.manage.B.wome.ma nage.C.woma.manager.D.wome.managers是复数形式,其后的名词肯定是复数names两个名词变为复数,两个都要变答案D
3.Th.numbe.o.student,wh.faile.th.chemistr.examinatio..t.fifteen.A.ha v.increase.B.ha.increase.C.i.increase.D.ar.increasing谓语动词用单数the numberof答案B
4.NeitheJoh.no.hi.fathe..abl.t.wak.u.earl.enoug.t.catc.th.mornin.train.谓语动词跟相邻的主语一致neither……nor答案A
5.Th,roo.i.eigh..long.英尺,复数形式foot feet答案C
9.On.o.th.thing.sh.wrot.abou..lif.o..smal.far.a.th.beginnin.o.th.century.谓语用单数one of答案BlO.Onl.abou.on.ou.o.twelv.o.th.youn.me.an.wome.o.thi.countr..colleg.educatio n.A.recei v.B.recei ve.C.ha v.receive.D.hav.bee.received谓语用单数形式one outof答案Bll.Neve.befor..s.man.peopl.bee.engage,i.producin.good.jus.fo.th.comfor.o,ma n.开头,句子倒装never before主语为复数so manypeople.忙于做某事engag.i.doin.sth。